A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages

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ut -- spanda 1908 *ut -- spanda ʻ jumping up ʼ. [√spand]
Ku. uphān ʻ froth, foam ʼ; A. ophāndā ʻ puffed ʼ; G. uphã̄d, °ã̄t f., uphān m. ʻ effervescence, arrogance ʼ; M. uphān m. ʻ ebullition ʼ. -- Cf. *utphāṇa -- .

1909 *ut -- spandati ʻ jumps up ʼ. 2. Caus. *ut -- spandayati. [√spand]
1. Kho. (Lor.) ušpunik, iš° ʻ to dance about, buck (of a horse) ʼ; (Morgenstierne) iš° ʻ to hop, dance ʼ (doubtful bec. of š, not ṣ: poss. < spandatē, but if so why not is -- ? Perh. ← Kaf.); -- A. ophandiba ʻ to be puffed up, be proud ʼ.
2. Kho. ušpuneik ʻ to make jump ʼ.
*ut -- spandayati ʻ makes jump up ʼ see prec.
Addenda: *ut -- spandati: A. ophandiba also ʻ to swell ʼ AFD 213.

1910 *ut -- sphaṭati ʻ bursts out ʼ. [√sphaṭ]
K. wŏpharun ʻ to become loose ʼ; L. uphaṛaṇ ʻ to rise (as dough or bread) ʼ; H. uphaṛnā ʻ to swell up, boil up ʼ.
Addenda: *ut -- sphaṭati: A. ophariba ʻ to bound off ʼ (rather than with AFD 213 < †*ut -- spharati1).
†*ut -- spharati1 ʻ leaps up ʼ [√sphar1] see *utsphaṭati1.

1911 *ut -- spharati ʻ is abundant ʼ. [√sphar2]
Ku. upharṇo ʻ to be left over, be superfluous ʼ.
*ut -- sphalati ʻ bursts ʼ see utphalati.

1911a *ut -- sphalati Add. 14310.

1912 *ut -- sphāyatē ʻ swells up ʼ. [√sphāy]
A. uphāiba ʻ to swell up (as boiled rice) ʼ.

ut -- sphāra 1913 *ut -- sphāra ʻ abundance ʼ. [sphāra -- ]
M. uphar, uphrā m. ʻ annual crop (of a tree, vegetable or fruit) ʼ.

1913a *ut -- sphārayati1 ʻ jerks up ʼ. [√sphar1] Add. 14311.
Md. ufuranī ʻ plucks out or up ʼ -- or < utpāṭayati.

1914 *ut -- sphārayati ʻ makes abundant ʼ. [√sphar2]
Ku. uphārṇo ʻ to leave over, use sparingly ʼ.
*ut -- sphāla -- ʻ leaping up ʼ see utphāla -- .
*ut -- sphālayati ʻ makes leap up ʼ see utphalati.
Addenda: *ut -- sphārayati2 ʻ makes abundant ʼ. [√sphar2] -- read thus.

1914a *ut -- sphāla -- 2 ʻ abundance ʼ. [√sphal2] Add. 14312.

1914b *ut -- sphālayati Add. 14313.
*utsvapna -- see †*utsupna -- .
UD: *unda -- ; †*samutta -- .

1915 *ut -- sphiṭyatē ʻ is hurt ʼ. [Cf. sphiṭṭayati, sphēṭay° ʻ hurts ʼ Dhātup., Pk. upphiḍa -- ʻ blunt, weak ʼ, upphiḍaï ʻ becomes so ʼ: √sphiṭ]
M. uphiṭṇẽ, uphaṭ°, oph° ʻ to look wan ʼ.

1916 *ut -- sphurati ʻ jumps up ʼ. [√sphur]
N. uphranu ʻ to leap, jump ʼ (whence caus. uphārnu ʻ to jerk up ʼ); A. ophariba ʻ to spring off, be flung off ʼ; M. upharṇẽ ʻ to winnow ʼ; Si. upuranavā ʻ to pluck up or out ʼ (EGS 27 < utpāṭayati).

1917 *ut -- sphūrjati ʻ rumbles ʼ. [Cf. ávasphūrjati ʻ thunders ʼ VS. ŚBr., ʻ snorts ʼ MBh.: √sphūrj]
M. uphuj̈ṇẽ ʻ to rumble (of stomach) ʼ.
utsyà -- see útsa -- .

1918 utsvapnāyatē ʻ talks in one's sleep ʼ Mr̥cch. [svápna -- : √svap1]
M. osaṇāvṇẽ, °ṇavṇẽ ʻ to talk in one's sleep, rave ʼ; <-> osaṇṇẽ, osãḍṇẽ < utsvapna -- ?

utsvāpa 1919 *utsvāpa ʻ talking in sleep ʼ. [√svap1]
H. ucāwā m. ʻ talking in sleep, nightmare ʼ but why c?

utsvēda 1920 *utsvēda ʻ sweat ʼ. [√svid]
Pr. wyīṣə, wīṣ ʻ sweat (in fever) ʼ; -- very doubtful.
ud1 in composition with verbs denotes ʻ up ʼ and ʻ out ʼ, with nouns ʻ without ʼ, with adjectives ʻ emphasis ʼ: úttara -- , uttama -- .
UD2 ʻ wet ʼ: utta -- , útsa -- , udaká -- , udán -- , udrá -- 1, unátti, undana -- , unna -- , ulla -- 2, ṓdman -- , *ōdra -- , ōlla -- 2, *audra -- ; *abhyutta -- , avōtta -- , avōda -- , úpōtta -- ; -- ōdaná -- ?

udaká 1921 udaká n. ʻ water ʼ. RV. 2. daka -- n. Suśr., BHSk. [udán -- : √ud2]
1. Pa. udaka -- n., Pk. udaga -- , °aya -- , uaa -- n., NiDoc. udag'a, uta°, KharI. ut'aeṇa inst. sg., Wg. ū; Kt. ō -- maċi ʻ fish ʼ (cf. Pr. tōāˊ -- müsṳ̄ Dm. âu -- mraċ < áp -- ); Tir. wā, wa ʻ water ʼ, Shum. wō m., Niṅg. ū, Kal. rumb. ūk, obl. ūˊguna, urt. ūk; Kho. ug ʻ water, juice of fruit, sap ʼ; Bshk. ū m. ʻ water ʼ, Tor. ū (Grierson Tor 137 wrongly < áp -- ), Mai. Gau. Phal. wī m., Chil. woy, Sh. văi m.
2. Pa. daka -- n., Pk. daga -- , daya -- , n.; OSi. daka, Si. diya.
audikā -- ; nirudaka -- , sṓdaka -- ; *udakakṣāra -- , udakabhāra -- ; ápōdaka -- , úpōdaka -- , *antarōdaka -- , *ghalōdaka -- , piṣṭōdaka -- , *malōdaka -- , varṣōdaka -- , *himarōdaka -- .
Addenda: udaká -- : Md. diya ʻ liquid, juice ʼ.
*udukkhala -- see ulūˊkhala -- Add2.
†udgata -- ʻ risen ʼ MBh. [√gam]
†*anidrōdgata -- .

1922 *udakakṣāra ʻ waterfall ʼ. [udaká -- , kṣāra -- 2]
Kho. goc̣hāˊr waterfall ʼ (BelvalkarVol 91 Kho. cmpd. < uga -- c̣har), Kal. uc̣hár.
udakabhāra -- see *pānīyahāra -- .
*udaṅka -- ʻ upward curve ʼ see next. [√añc]

udaṅkākāra 1923 *udaṅkākāra ʻ curviform ʼ. [*udaṅka -- , ākāra -- ]
H. ũkārī f. ʻ curve, crook, bend ʼ. -- Doubtful.
údañc -- see ucca -- . [√añc]

1924 údañcati ʻ raises, throws up ʼ RV., ʻ ladles out ʼ AV. 2. *upāñcati, úpācati ʻ lifts up e.g. water ʼ ŚBr. [Phon. the mod. forms may derive from either: √añc]
1. Pk. udaṁcaï ʻ rises ʼ, udaṁcida -- ʻ thrown up ʼ; H. ũcnā ʻ to tighten the strings of a bed ʼ; M. õċṇẽ ʻ to shake the winnowing basket in a certain way ʼ.
The following may poss. belong here or be derivatives of or at least influenced in meaning by nasalized forms of ucca -- : WPah. bhal. ũceṇū ʻ to raise on high ʼ (~ ucāṇū ʻ to lift ʼ?); B. ũcāna, õcāna ʻ to raise ʼ, Or. uñcāibā, H. ũcānā (~ ucānā?), M. ũċāviṇẽ ʻ to erect ʼ (~ ũċāvṇẽ ʻ to grow tall ʼ?).
2. Pk. vaṁcaï ʻ raises ʼ.

udáñcana 1925 udáñcana n. ʻ bucket for drawing water from a well ʼ RV., ʻ throwing up, lid ʼ lex. [√añc]
Pa. udañcana -- n. ʻ bucket ʼ; Pk. uaṁcaṇa -- n. ʻ throwing up, lid ʼ; H. ũcan f. ʻ string at the foot of a bed for tightening the cross -- strings ʼ.

1926 *udadhānī -- , udadhāna -- ʻ holding water ʼ Kauś., n. ʻ reservoir for water ʼ Āp. [udán -- , dhāˊna -- ]
Wg. ūẽř, ū'iṇ ʻ dam, dyke ʼ.
udán -- n. ʻ water ʼ RV. [√ud2]
udaká -- , udanyáti, udanyā -- , udanyú -- , udra -- 1, udra -- 2; samudrá -- ; *udadhānī -- , udapāna -- , udahārá -- .

1927 udanyáti ʻ irrigates ʼ RV., ʻ is very thirsty ʼ Pāṇ [udán -- : √ud2]
Sh. ŭnyóĭki̯ ʻ to be hungry ʼ; S. uñaṇu ʻ to make thirsty ʼ whence caus. uñāiṇu ʻ id. ʼ and intr. uñijaṇu ʻ to be thirsty ʼ; -- deriv. Sh. gur. ŭnyāl f. ʻ hunger, thirst ʼ, koh. ŭlyāl f. ʻ thirst ʼ.

udanyā 1928 udanyā f. ʻ thirst ʼ ChUp. [udán -- : √ud2]
Pk. udaṇṇā -- f. ʻ thirst ʼ, S. uña f.

udanyú 1929 udanyú ʻ seeking water ʼ RV. [udán -- : √ud2]
Sh. ŭyāˊnŭ ʻ hungry ʼ.

udapāna 1930 udapāna m.n. ʻ a well ʼ ChUp., udup° BHSk. [udán -- , pāˊna -- ]
Aś. kāl. dh. jau. udupānāni n.pl.; -- B. unai, unui ʻ spring, fountain ʼ (ODBL 529 < unna -- ). Derivation from unnati -- f. ʻ rising, swelling up ʼ Pañcat., Pa. unnati<-> f., Pk. uṇṇaï -- f. ʻ prosperity ʼ is phonet. more satisfactory but semant. less so.

udayá 1931 udayá m. ʻ rise ʼ RV., ʻ rising (of sun, &c.) ʼ ŚBr. [√i2]
Pa. Pk. udaya -- m. ʻ rise, growth ʼ.
candrōdaya -- , *varṣōdaya -- .

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