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Unicode 3

Pokorny

Unicode 2

Pokorny

ISO-8859-1

Pokorny

Indo-European Lexicon

Pokorny Master PIE Etyma

The table below lists Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etyma adapted from Julius Pokorny's book,
Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (Bern: Francke, 1959, 1989).
Entry head-words are listed, with their page numbers and cross-references to other entries
(following Pokorny) plus our own English glosses; for more information, the reader is referred
to the book. Some misprints in Pokorny have been corrected, including repairs to diacritics and
missing, incorrect, or extraneous homograph numbers.

Note: this page is for systems/browsers
with Unicode® support and fonts spanning the Unicode 3 character set relevant to Indo-European languages.

Versions of this page rendered in alternate character sets are available via links
(see Unicode 2 and ISO-8859-1)
in the left margin.

In our table, cross-references under "See also" may include links (IE) to our own lists
of more modern Indo-European reflexes -- words derived from the ancient Proto-Indo-European
etyma. IE reflex lists are under active construction (see our
IE Lexicon
home page): they are subject to change at any time, and might possibly exhibit errors not yet corrected.
See our Language Index
page for links from reflexes (listed by IE language) to their PIE etyma.

Page(s)

Pokorny entry

See also

English gloss

1

ā

IE

(an exclamation)

1

ab-

river, water

1-2

ā̆bel-, ā̆bō̆l-, abel-

IE

apple

2

abh-

IE  abhro-

quick, swift, abrupt

2

abhro-

IE  abh-

strong, mighty

2-3

abō(n)

ape, monkey

3

1. ad-

IE  2. ad-

at, by, to

3

2. ad-

IE  1. ad-

to fix, put in order

3

ades-, ados-

IE

spelt (type of grain)

4

ad(u)-, ad-ro-

current, water course

4-6

ag̑-

IE  ag̑ro-s

to drive, lead

6-7

ā̆g̑-

aig̑-

goat

7

ag̑h-

animal that may bear young

7

ā̆g̑her-, ā̆g̑hen-, ā̆g̑hes-, or ō̆g̑her etc.

IE

day

7-8

agh-

IE  agh-(lo-)

to fear, be depressed

8

agh-(lo-)

agh-

disgusting, unpleasant

8

aghl(u)-

dark cloud; rainy weather

8

agos-

IE

sin, fault, blemish

8-9

agro-, egro-?

first, highest; beginning

9

ag̑ro-s

IE  ag̑-

field, acre

9

agu̯(e)sī, aksī

IE

axe

9

agu̯h-no-s

IE

lamb

10

1. ai

aik-

(an exclamation)

10

2. ai-

to drive, close in; harm, overwhelm

10

3. ai-

IE

to give

10-11

ai-ti-, ai-to-, oi-to-

IE

part, portion

11

4. ā̆i-

IE  ai-dh-

to burn, shine

11

5. ai- : oi-

IE

significant speech

11

aid-

oid-

to swell; strong

11-12

ai-dh-, i-dh-, nasalized i-n-dh-

IE  ā̆ier-

to burn, shine

12

ā̆ier-, ā̆ien-

IE  ai̯os-

day(light), morning

13

aig̑-

IE  ā̆g̑-

goat

13

1. aig-, nasalized ing-

IE

ill, sick; depressed, dispirited

13

2. aig-

IE

oak

13-14

3. aig-

IE

to swing, vibrate, move violently

14

aigu̯h-

IE

to be ashamed

14-15

ā(i)g̑h- : īg̑h-

to need, desire

15

ā̆ik̑- : ī̆k̑-

IE

pike, spear, spit

15

aik-

IE  1. ai

to call to

15-16

ai̯os-

IE  aisk-

ore, metal (copper, bronze, iron)

16

ai-rā

(type of grass)

16

1. ais-

IE

to wish, desire, ask/search for

16

2. ais-

IE

to respect, worship, be in awe

16-17

aisk-

IE  ai-tro-

bright, clear, shining

17

ai-tro-

4. ā̆i-

sharp, bitter

17-18

aiu̯-, ai̯u-

IE

life force

18

1. ak̑-, ak̑ō-

to eat

18-22

2. ak̑-, ok̑-

IE  ok̑tō(u)

sharp, acute, angular; stone

23

akkā

mama (nursery word)

23

ak̑ru

dak̑ru-

tear(drop)

23

aku̯-

to hurt, damage

23

aku̯ā-, more accurately əku̯ā, ēku̯-

IE

aqua, water, river

24-26

1. al-, ol-

IE  ario-?

beyond; other, alien

26-27

2. al-

IE

to grow, nourish, enhance

27-28

3. ā̆l-

IE

to roam, wander about

28

4. al-

to burn

28-29

5. al-

IE

to grind

29

6. al-, alōu- : aləu-

white, gleaming

29

alā

IE

hello! (greeting)

29

albhi-

albho-

barley

30-31

albho-

IE  1. el-

white

31-32

aldh-

trough

32

aleq-

IE  areg-

to protect, ward off

32

algh-

cold, frost

32-33

algu̯h-

IE

to gain, earn; price, value

33

alp-

small, weak

33

ālu-, ālo-

a bitter plant?

33-34

alu-, alu-d-, alu-t-

IE

bitter; ale, beer

34-35

ambhi, m̥bhi

IE  ebhi?

around, at both sides

35

1. am-, mē-

IE  1. mē-

to grab, seize

35

2. am-, mē-

IE  2. mē-

to mow

35

āmer-, āmōr, āmr̥

IE

day

35-36

ames-, or omes-

IE

blackbird: merl, ousel

36

amə-

omə-

to proceed energetically; firm up; suffer

36

am(m)a, amī̆

IE

amah, mama (nursery words)

36-37

1. an-

ancestor, relative

37-38

2. an-

IE

there, other side

38-39

3. an(ə)-

IE  ansu-

to breathe

39-40

4. an-, anu, anō, nō

IE

on, along, over there

40-41

andh-, anedh-

IE

to sprout, bloom, blossom

41

andher-, ṇdher-

stem, spike

41

andho-

IE

blind, dark

41-42

anət-

IE  ētī-

duck

42

anətā, enətā

IE

anta, doorpost

42-43

ang̑h-

IE  augh-

narrow

43

ang̑hen-

scent, smell, odor; person

43-45

angu̯(h)i-

IE  eg̑hi-

snake, worm

45

1. ank-

IE  nek̑-

force; need, necessity

45-47

2. ank-, ang-

IE

to bend, flex, angle

47

āno-

IE

ring, annulus

47

ans-

IE

favorable, well inclined

48

ansā, ansi-

bow; noose, snare

48

ansu-, ṇsu-

IE  antro-m

demon, spirit

48-50

ant-s

IE

brow, front, anterior

50

antro-m

IE  3. an(ə)-

cave, hollow

50-51

1. ap-, more accurately əp- : ēp-

IE

to take, grasp, reach

51-52

2. ā̆p-

IE  1. *u̯ep-

water, river

52

3. ap-, āp-

old, fragile; harm, damage

52

appa

pap(p)a

papa (nursery word)

52

apelo-

IE

strength

53

āpero-

IE

shore, bank (of river)

53-55

apo-, pō̆, ap-u, pu

IE  pos

off, out of, away from

55

apsā

IE

aspen (tree)

55-61

1. ar-, thematic (a)re-, heavy-base arə-, rē-, and i-base (a)rī̆-, rēi-

IE

to fit, suit

61

2. ar-, or er-

IE  1. rē-

to share, distribute

61

3. ar-

2. rēi-

nut

62

4. ar, er, or?, r̥

IE

now, therefore; (interrogative particle)

62

5. ar-

ōr-

to deny, refuse, renounce

62-63

ar(ə)-

IE  arenko-

to ear, plow

63

ardh-

pole, stake

63

ardi-, r̥di-

5. er-

tip, point, edge

64

areg-

areq-

to lock, shut away

64-65

ar(e)-g̑-, arg̑-?, r̥g̑i-

IE  erku̯-

white, argent, glittering

65-66

areq-

IE  aleq-

to lock, guard, protect

66-67

arenko-

IE  ar(ə)-

(type of grain?)

67

ario-?

IE  1. al-

host, lord, master

67-68

arqu-

IE

arc, arch, something bent

68

arōd-, arəd-

(type of waterbird)

68

aro-m

reed?

68

aru̯ā

intestines?

68-69

ā̆s-, based on it azd-, azg(h)-

IE

to burn, glow

69

ast(h)-

ost(h)-

bone

69

at-

IE

to go; year

69

āt(e)r-

IE  ētro-

fire

70

*ati-, ateli-

(type of fish)

70-71

ati, ato-

IE  2. to-

over, beyond

71

ā̆tos, atta

IE

daddy, mommy (nursery word)

71

1. au-

ow! (exclamation of pain)

72

2. au-, au̯-es-, au-s-

1. u̯es-

to sleep, stay overnight

72-73

3. au-, au̯e, u̯ē̆-

IE  4. u̯e-

down, away from

73-75

4. au-, u- : u̯ē̆-, u̯o-

IE  2. u-

other; that (one)

75-76

5. au̯-, au̯ē-

IE  2. u̯e-

to plait, weave

76-77

6. au̯-, au̯ed-

IE

to speak

77-78

7. au̯-, au̯ē-, au̯ēi-

IE

to like, help

78

8. au̯-, au̯ēi-

IE

to perceive, understand, be aware of

78-81

9. au̯(e)-, au̯ed-, au̯er-

IE  10. u̯er-

to wet, flow, sprinkle; water, river, etc.

81-84

10. au̯(e)-, au̯ē(i)-, u̯ē-

IE  3. u̯ē-

to vent, blow

84

11. au̯ē-, (u̯e-d(h)-?)

IE

to strain, take pains

84-85

au̯eg-, u̯ōg-, aug-, ug-

IE  u̯eg̑-

to augment, increase, magnify

86

au̯ei-, əu̯ei-?

IE  ō(u̯)i̯-om

bird

86-87

au̯es-

IE  eus-

to shine

87

aug-

IE

to gleam, glitter

87

augh-, ugh-

u̯ing̑-

nape of the neck

88

au̯ig̑-

oats; a type of grass

88

auqu̯(h)- : uqu̯(h)-, probably also u̯equ̯(h)-

IE

cooking pot

88-89

au-lo-s : ēu-l-

IE

pipe, tube

89

au̯o-s

IE

maternal grandfather

90

aus-

IE

to draw (water); scoop, ladle

91

baˣb-, bhaˣbh-, paˣp-

baˣmb-

to swell

91-92

baba-

IE  bal-bal-

babble, babbling, unclear speech

92

badi̯os

IE

brown, gold, yellow

92-93

baitā, or paitā?

goatskin

93

bak-

IE

stick, staff; to hit

93

bal-, balbal-

to dance, shake, whirl

93

bal-bal-

bar-bar-

babbling, unclear speech

93-94

baˣmb-

(type of noise)

94-95

baˣmb-, bhaˣmbh-, paˣmp-, phaˣmph-

pank-

to swell

95

band-

IE

drop (of liquid)?

95

bar-bar-

blat-

babbling, unclear speech

95

bata-

babble, murmur, meaningless stuttering

95

bau

(onomatopoeic: barking)

95

bdel-

to suck

96

bē, bā

(onomatopoeic: sheep's bleating)

96

bed-

to swell

96

1. bel-

to cut off, cut out

96

2. bel-

IE

strong

96-97

bend-, bṇd-no-

IE

spike, needle, tip jutting out

97-98

1. b(e)u-, bh(e)u-

IE

(onomatopoeic: dull noise)

98-102

2. b(e)u-, bh(e)ū̆-

IE  pāuson-

to boil, swell, puff up

102

bis-(t)li-

gall

102

blat-

blē-

to chat, prattle

102

blē-

6. bhel-

to bleat

102

blou-, bhlou-?, plou-

IE

flea

103

bol-

bulb, tuber

103

brangh-, brongh-?

hoarse?

103

breuq-

to jump

103

bronk-

to lock, shut in

103

bu-

lip; kiss

104-5

1. bhā-, bhō-, bhə-

IE  2. bhāu-

to shine, glisten

105-6

2. bhā-

IE

to speak

106

bhabhā

IE

bean

106

bhā̆d-

IE

good

107

1. bhag-

IE

to divide, apportion

107

2. bhag-

bhorgu̯o-s

sharp

107-8

bhāgó-s

IE

beech (tree)

108

bhā̆gh-

bhō̆gh-

bog, swamp, lowland

108

bhāghú-s

IE

elbow, forearm

108-9

bhar- : bhor- : bhr̥-

IE  bhares-

burr, bristle, stubble; something jutting out

109

bharu-

IE

(fir) tree, forest

109-10

bhares-, bhores-

IE  bhardhā

point, stubble (with formants)

110

bhardhā

IE  bhares-

beard

110-11

bhareku̯-, or bhereku̯-

IE

to farce, stuff full

111

bhares-

IE  bhar-

barley

111

bhasko-

IE

heap, bundle, fascicle

111

bhāso-, or bhēso-

(large bird of prey)

111-12

bhāt- : bhət-

IE  1. bhā̆u-

to bat, hit

112

1. bhā̆u- : bhū̆-

IE  bhāt-

to beat, hit

112

2. bhāu-

1. bhā-

to shine, glisten

112-13

1. b(h)e, and b(h)eg̑h

IE

beside, outside, without

113

2. bhē̆, bhō̆

IE

(emphatic particle)

113

bhē-, bhō-

IE

to warm, bake, roast, fry

113

bhebhru-, bhebhro-

5. bher-

glittering; bright brown

113-14

1. bhedh-

IE

to dig, pierce, stab

114

2. bhedh-

IE

to bend, flex, crook

114-15

bheg-, bheng-

IE  bhog-

to bang, break, smash

115

bhēgh- : bhōgh-

to dispute, resist

116

bhegu̯-

IE

to run away

116

bhei-

IE

bee (insect)

116-17

bheid-

IE  bhei(ə)-

to prick, pierce, split

117

1. bheidh-

IE

to advise, encourage, force

117

2. bheidh-

bhidh-

to bind, plait

117-18

bhei(ə)-, bhī-

IE  bheid-

to hit

118

bheigu̯-

IE

to shine, glitter?

118-20

1. bhel-, Balto-Slavic also bhelə-

IE  2. bhel-

glittering white

120

2. bhel-

bheleg-

henbane

120-22

3. bhel-, bhlē-

IE  2. bhlei-

to grow, spread, swell

122

4. bhel-, and bhlē-, bhlō-, bhlə-

IE

leaf, blade; bloom

122-23

5. bhel-, chiefly with suffixes: bheləg̑-, bhelə-n-g̑-, bheleg̑-, bhl̥k̑-

IE

balk, beam, rafter

123-24

6. bhel-

IE  bhlē-

to speak, bellow, resound

124

bh(e)lāg-

weak, silly, ridiculous

124

bheld-

IE

to hit, poke

124-25

bheleg-

IE  bhlendh-

to shine, glisten

125

bheleu-

IE  2. bhlēu-

to hit, weaken; weak, ill

125-26

bhelg̑h-

IE

to bulge, swell, billow

126

bhen-

IE

to hit, wound

126-27

bhend-

to sing, rejoice

127

bhendh-

IE

to bind, tie

127-28

bheng̑h-, bhn̥g̑h-, adj. bhn̥g̑hú-s

IE

fat, thick, dense

128-32

1. bher-

IE  bhren-

to bear, bring, carry

132-33

2. bher-

IE  bh(e)reu-

to boil, swell, well up

133-35

3. bher-

IE  bhrēi-

to bore, cut, scrape, use sharp tool

135-36

4. bher-

IE  bhereg-

to buzz, hum

136-37

5. bher-

IE  bherəg̑-

shining; bright brown

137

6. bher-

IE

to cook, bake, roast

137-38

7. bher-

to plait, weave

138

bheredh-, bhṛdho-

IE

to cut; board

138-39

bhereg-

IE  2. bherem-

(onomatopoeic: to bark, cry, roar, etc.)

139-40

bherəg̑-, bhrēg̑-

IE  bherək̑-

to shine; bright, white

140-41

bhereg̑h-, bherg̑hos-

IE  bherg̑h-

high, noble; barrow, mountain

141-42

bherək̑-, bhrēk̑-

IE  bhebhru-

to shine, glitter

142

1. bherem-

IE

to stand out; brim, edge, hem

142-43

2. bherem-

IE  bhlos-q-

to buzz, drone, hum

143

bheres-

IE

quick

143-45

bh(e)reu- : bh(e)rū̆-

IE  bhrag-

to brew, boil, surge, be wild

145

bherg̑h-

IE  bhereg̑h-

to keep, hide, bury

145

bherug-, bhrug-, bhorg-

throat

145-46

1. bhes-

IE  bhoso-s

to spread, smear, rub on

146

2. bhes-

IE  perd-

to blow, breathe

146-50

bheu-, bheu̯ə-, bhu̯ā-, bhu̯ē- : bhō̆u- : bhū-

IE

to grow, prosper

150-52

bheudh-, nasalized bhu-n-dh-

IE

to awaken, be aware

152

1. bheug-

IE

to flee

152

2. bheug-, bheugh-

to free, put away

152-53

3. bheug-, bheugh-

IE

to bend, flex, crook

153

4. bheug-

IE

to enjoy

153

bhidh-

2. bheidh-

pot, vat, cauldron

153-54

bhili-, bhilo-

IE

good, friendly, harmonious

154

bhlag̑-

IE

to flog, hit

154

bhlagh-men-

IE

priest, flamen, wizard

154-55

bhlē-

IE  bhlē̆d-

to bleat, weep, howl

155

bhlē̆d-, bhl̥d-

IE  baba-

to boil, bubble up; boast, chatter

155

bhlegu̯-

IE

to swell, become bloated

155-56

1. bhlē̆i- : bhləi- : bhlī-

IE  bhlē̆ig̑-

to shine, glitter

156

2. bhlei-

IE  bhleu-

to bloat, swell, blow up

156-57

bhlē̆ig̑-, bhlīg̑-

bhleiq-

to shine, glitter

157

bhleiq-

bhləido-s

to shine, glitter

157-58

bhlendh-

IE  bhles-

dim, pale, reddish

158

bhles-

IE  1. bhlēu-

to shine, glitter

158-59

bhleu-

IE  3. bhel-

to swell, blow up; flow

159

1. bhlēu- : bhləu- : bhlū-

IE  bhleu-(k-)

to shine, glitter

159

2. bhlēu- : bhləu- : bhlū-

IE  bhleus-

bad, weak, miserable

159-60

bhleu-(k-)

IE  bhlē-u̯o-s

to burn

160

bhlē-u̯o-s

IE  1. bhel-

a light color (blue, yellow)

160

bhleus-

bheleu-

mild, weak

160

bhləido-s

1. bhlē̆i-

light, pale

160-61

bhlīg̑- : *bhlēig-

IE

to hit

161

bhlō̆k-

flock, tow, wool; cloth?

161

bhlos-q-

4. bher-

(onomatopoeic: to bark, cry, roar, etc.)

161

bhog-

IE  bheg-

beck, flowing water

161

bhō̆gh-, or bhā̆gh-

IE  bhā̆gh-

bog, swamp, lowland

161-62

bhōi- : bhəi- : bhī-, bhii̯ə-

IE

to fear, be afraid

162

bhok-

IE

to burn?

162

bholo-

mist, smoke, steam?

163

bhorgu̯o-s

2. bhag-

gruff, unfriendly

163

bhoso-s

IE  1. bhes-

bare, naked

163

bhoudhi-

victory

163

bhouku̯os

a buzzing insect

163

bhrag-, better bhrə-g-

IE  2. bher-

to scent, smell

163-64

bhrā́ter-

IE

brother, family member

164

bhred(h?)-

to wade, wander

165

1. bhreg̑-

IE  bhre(n)k̑-

to break

166

2. bhreg̑-

to stick up

166-67

bhrēi-, bhrī̆-

IE  1. bhrē̆u-

to cut, pierce with something sharp

167

bhren-

bhrendh-

to bulge, stick out; edge

167-68

bhrendh-

IE  bhrenk-

to sprout, swell up

168

bhrenk-, bhronk-

IE  2. bhrēu-

to bring

168

bhre(n)k̑-

bhres-

to err, be ensnared

168-69

bhren-to-s

deer, horned animal

169

bhres-

IE  1. bhreg̑-

to burst, break

169

bhreu-, bhreu-d-

IE  1. bhreu-s-

to swell, sprout

169

1. bhrē̆u-, bhrū̆-

IE  bhreu-k̑-

to bruise, break, cut, pierce

170

2. bhrēu-, bhrū-

1. bher-

edge

170

bhreu-k̑-

IE  2. bhreu-s-

to strike, throw

170-71

1. bhreu-s-

IE  bhrugh-no-

to swell

171

2. bhreu-s-

IE  bhroisqo-

to break to pieces

171-72

3. bhreus-, bhrū̆s-

to boil, sound, etc.

172

bhroisqo-, bhrisqo-

3. bher-

bitter

172-73

1. bhrū-

IE

brow, eyebrow

173

2. bhrū-, bhrēu-

IE

beam, bridge

173

bhrūg-

IE

fruit; to enjoy

174

bhrugh-no-

bhreu-

twig

174

bhudh-m(e)n

IE

ground, bottom

174

bhū̆g̑o-s, familiar form bhukko-s

IE

buck, goat

175

dā-

IE

fluid; river; to flow

175-79

dā : də-, and dāi- : dəi-, dī̆-

IE  3. del-

to share, divide

179

dāiu̯ēr, genitive daiu̯rés

IE

brother-in-law

179

dak̑ru-

IE  ak̑ru

tear (from the eye)

179-81

dāu-, dəu-, dū̆-

IE

to burn

181

*dəg̑h-mó-

dəg̑h-mó-s

slanting

181-83

de-, do-

IE

I-deictic; here

183

dē- : də-, and dēi-, dī-

IE

to bind, tie

183

dēg-

IE

to take, grab, pack?

183-87

1. dei-, dei̯ə-, dī-, di̯ā-

IE

to shine, glitter; day, sun; god, deity

187

2. dei̯ə-, di̯ā-, di̯ə-, dī-

IE

to move, spin, swing

187-88

deig̑h-

IE

to itch, prick; tick

188-89

deik̑-

IE

to teach, show

189-91

1. dek̑-

IE  des-

to take

191

2. dek̑- : dok̑-, dēk̑-

IE  denk̑-

to tear, rip to pieces

191-92

dek̑m̥, dek̑m̥-t, dek̑u-

IE  u̯ī-k̑m̥t-ī

ten, decade

193

1. del-

IE

to tell, count, calculate

193-94

2. del-

to shake, totter

194-96

3. del-, dol-, delə-

IE  1. dhā̆bh-

to split, divide

196

4. del-

IE

to rain, dribble

196-97

5. del-

IE

long

198-99

dem-, demə-

IE

to build, timber; house

199-200

demə-, domə-, domə-

IE

to tame

201

demel-

worm?

201

denk̑-

IE  2. dek̑-

to bite

201-2

1. dens-

IE  2. dens-

to learn; mental power

202-3

2. dens-

IE  1. dens-

dense

203

deph-

IE

to push, stamp, thrust

203

1. der- : dōr-, der-, or dōr- : dər-

IE  4. der-

hand span

203-4

2. der-, reduplicated der-der-, dr̥dor-, broken reduplication dor-d-, dr̥-d-

IE  3. dher-

(onomatopoeic: to grumble, mutter)

204-6

3. der-, drā-, dreb-, drem-, dreu-

IE

to run

206-11

4. der-, heavy-base derə-, drē-

IE  1. der-

to cut, skin, split, tear

211-12

derbh-

IE

to wind, put together

212

der(ep)-

IE  derk̑-

to see?

212

derə-, drā-

IE

to work

212-13

dergh-

IE

to grasp

213

derk̑-

IE  der(ep)-

to look

214-17

deru-, dō̆ru-, dr(e)u-, drou-, dreu̯ə- : drū-

IE

firm, solid; tree, wood

217

des-, dēs-

1. dek̑-

to find

217-18

1. deu-

IE

to sink in, plunge into

218-19

2. deu-, or dou- : du-

IE

to worship, venerate; mighty

219-20

3. deu-, deu̯ə-, du̯ā-, dū-

IE

to pass, move forward

220-21

deuk-

IE

to tug, drag, pull

221-22

deup- : kteup-?

(onomotopoeic: a dull thud)

222

dəg̑h-mó-s

gei-

slanting

222

digh-

IE

goat

222

dī̆p-ro-, dī̆p-erā

sacrificial animal

222

dl̥kú-

IE

sweet, dulcet

223

dn̥g̑hū, dn̥g̑hu̯ā

IE

tongue

223-26

dō- : də-, also dō-u- : dəu- : du-

IE

to give, donate

226

dous-

arm

226

drē- : drə-, extended dr-ē̆m-

IE

to sleep

226-27

dreg̑h-

vexed, displeased, unwilling

227

dumb-, dumbh-?

tail, penis

227

dus-

IE

bad, foul, evil

227-28

du̯ei-

IE

to fear

228-32

du̯ō(u)

IE  gu̯is-ti-s

two

233

1. dhā̆bh-, nasalized dhamb(h)-

dā

to be speechless, astonished

233-34

2. dhabh-

IE

to fix, suit; proper

234

dhā̆l-

IE  2. dhel-

to bloom, be green

234

dhanu-, or dhonu-

IE

(type of tree)

235

dhau-

IE

to press, strangle

235

1. dhē-, reduplicated dhē-dh(ē)-

IE  dhē(i)-

older family member (nursery word)

235-39

2. dhē-

IE  u̯eidh-

to do, put, place, set

239

3. dhē-, dhə-

IE

to disappear, pass away

239

dheb-

IE

fat, thick, heavy

240

dhebh-, dhebh-eu-

IE  dhembh-

to harm, injure

240-41

dhegu̯h-

IE

to burn

241-42

dhē(i)-, also dh-ei-?

IE  1. dhē-

to suck, suckle

243

dhei̯ə- : dhi̯ā- : dhī-

IE

to look, see, show

243-44

dhēigu̯- : dhōigu̯- : dhīgu̯-

IE

to dig, plant, stab, stick

244-45

dheig̑h-

IE

to build, knead clay

245-46

1. dhel-, dholo-

IE

curve; dell, hollow

246

2. dhel-

IE  dhā̆l-

to light; shining

246

3. dhel-

IE

to tremble

246

dhelbh-

IE

to delve, dig, bury

247

dhelg-

IE

to stab, stick; needle

247

dhelgh-, dhelg-

IE

to hit

247-48

dhem-, dhemə-

IE

to blow, fly about like dust

248-49

dhembh-, dhm̥bh-

IE  dheu-b-

to dig

249

1. dhen-

IE

to flow, run

249

2. dhen-

IE

flat of hand, surface of land, etc.

249-50

3. dhen-

IE

to hit, push, thrust

250

1. dhengh-

to press, cover

250

2. dhengh-

IE

to get, grip, reach

251-52

1. dher-, dherə-

IE  4. dher-

dirt, dreg, some type of deposit

252-55

2. dher-, dherə-

IE

to hold, support

255-56

3. dher-, dhereu-, dhrē̆n-

IE  2. der-

(onomatopoeic: to drone, growl, purr, etc.)

256

4. dher- : dhor- : dher-

IE  5. dher-

to jump (at)

256

5. dher-, dhrei-d-

IE  1. dher-

to defecate; dirt

257

dherāgh-

IE  dhreg̑-

to drag, pull

257

dherbh-, dherəbh-?

IE

to work

257-58

dherebh-

IE

to harden; coagulated

258

dheregh-

bushy plants

258

dhereg̑h-, dhr̥g̑h-nā-

IE

to turn, wind

259

dhers-

IE

to dare, be bold

259

dhēs-, dhəs-

IE

(used in religious terms)

259-60

1. dheu-

IE

to flow, run

260-61

2. dheu-, dhu̯-ēi-

IE

to faint, die, vanish

261

3. dheu-

to shine brightly

261-67

4. dheu-, dheu̯ə-, presumably dhu̯ē-, compare suffixes dhu̯ē-k-, dhu̯ē̆-s-

IE  dheu̯es-

to blow, dissipate, fly about like dust, etc.

267-68

dheu-b-, dheu-p-

IE  dhebh-

deep, hollow

268

dheubh-, dhubh-

IE

peg, wedge

268-71

dheu̯es-, dhu̯ē̆s-, dheus-, dhū̆s-

IE  4. dheu-

to blow, dissipate, fly about like dust, etc.

271

dheugh-

IE

to milk, press, touch

271

dhlas-, or dhels- : dhl̥s-

to press, squeeze; squash?

271-72

dhl̥gh-

IE

debt, guilt, duty

272

dhō-

to sharpen

272

dhō[u]- : dhū-

rope?

272-73

dhrebh-

IE

to drub, crush, grind to pieces

273

dhreg̑-

IE  terk-

to pull

273

1. dhregh-

IE

to run

273-74

2. dhregh-

IE

to hurt, torment

274

dhreibh-

IE

to drive, push, thrust

274-75

dhreu-

IE

to grind, crumble

275

1. dhreugh-

to shake, tremble

276

2. dhreugh-

IE

to harm, deceive

276

dhrigh-, or dhreikh-

hair, bristle

276-77

dhrono-

multicolored?

277

dhug(h)əter-

IE

daughter

277

dhu̯en-, dhun-

IE

to hum, drone

277

dhu̯er-, dhu̯erə-

to harm by trickery/deception

278-79

dhu̯ē̆r-, dhu̯ō̆r-, dhur-, dhu̯r̥-

IE

door

279

dhu̯ergh- : drugh-

IE

crippled, dwarf-like, low in stature

280-81

1. ē̆, ō̆

IE  1. o

(particle: he, this, etc.)

281

2. ē, ō

IE  2. ō

oh (vocative interjection)

281-86

3. e-, ei-, i-, fem. ī-

IE  i̯āi

(demonstrative particle: one, this, etc.)

287

ebhi? : obhi : bhi

epi

from, around, (up) to, etc.

287-89

ed-

IE

to eat

289-90

1. edh-

tip, point

290

2. edh-

fence of stakes

290

eg-

IE

lack (of something)

290-91

ēg̑-, ōg̑-, əg̑-

IE

to say, speak

291

eg̑-, eg̑(h)om, eg̑ō

IE  1. me-

I (pronoun)

291-92

eg̑hero-

IE

(inland) lake

292

eg̑hi-

angu̯(h)i-

hedgehog

292-93

eg̑hs, eg̑hz

IE

from, out of, ex-

293

egnis : ognis

IE

fire

293

ehem, eheu, eho

oh (exclamation)

293-97

1. ei-

IE  i̯ā-

to go

297

2. ē̆i

oiu̯ā

O (vocative particle)

297-98

3. ei-

IE

bright; reddish

298

4. ei- : oi-

IE

pole, stake

298

eibh- : oibh-, i̯ebh-

i̯ebh-

to copulate

298

eig-, oig-

IE

to lament, complain

298-99

ēik-

IE

to own, possess, be capable

299-301

1. eis-

IE

to move rapidly/violently

301

2. ei-s-, ei-n-

IE

ice, frost

301-2

ek̑u̯o-s

IE

horse

302-4

1. el-, ol-, el-

IE  4. el-

red, brown

304-5

2. el-

2. lei-

to lie, recline

305

3. el- : ol-

to rot, be moldy

306

4. el-, ol-

IE  ul-

(a noise)

306

5. el-, ol-

IE

to destroy

306-7

6. el-, elə- : lā-, el-eu-(dh-)

IE  2. leu-dh-

to go, move, drive

307

7. el-, elə-, with k-suffix elk-, elək-

IE  elk-

hungry; bad?

307-9

8. el-, elē̆i-, lē̆i-, olī̆nā 'elbow'

IE  1. lē̆i-

to bend

309-10

ēl-

line, strip

310

ēlā

awl, bodkin

310

elg-

poor, needy

310

elk-, elək-

7. el-

hungry; bad?

310

elkos-

IE

boil, abscess

310-11

em-

IE

to take

311

embhi-, empi-

bee, gnat, mosquito

311-14

1. en

IE  3. nei-

in

314

2. en-

IE

year

314

ēn

behold! look here!

314-15

1. enebh-, embh-, ombh-, nō̆bh-, nēbh-?, m̥bh-

IE

navel

315-16

2. enebh- : nebh-, embh-, m̥bh-

IE  2. nebh-

damp, wet; cloud, nimbus; water

316-18

enek̑-, nek̑-, enk̑-, n̥k̑-

IE

to reach, obtain

318

ē̆neu, ē̆nu

IE

without

318-19

e-neu̯en, neu̯n̥, enu̯n̥

IE  neu̯os

nine

319

engu̯-, n̥gu̯ḗn

IE

bump, swelling

319-21

eno-, possibly e-no- : ono- : no- : -ne-

IE  2. ne

that

321

en(o)mn̥-, (o)nomn̥, nōmn̥

IE  nōmn̥

name

321-22

enos-, or onos-

IE

burden

322

enq-, onq-

to groan, sigh

322

ent-, better ant-?

to weave

323

epero-

wild boar

323-25

epi, opi, pi

IE  obhi-

at, near, epi-

325

ēpi-

comrade, companion

325

epop, opop

(onomatopoeic: call of hoopoe bird)

325

eph-

to cook

325-26

1. er-, or-

IE

erne, eagle

326

2. er-, eri-

goat, sheep

326-32

3. er- : or- : r-

IE  2. ereu-

to move, set in motion

332

4. er-, er-t-, er-u̯-

IE

earth

332-33

5. er-, erə-, thematic (e)r-ĕ-

IE  2. rē̆-

loose, crumbly

333

ereb-, orob-, rōb-

to drill, make holes, hollow out

334

ē̆reb(h)-, ō̆rob(h)-

regu̯os-

(dark color, reddish brown)

334

ered-

red-

to flow away; dampness

335

eregu̯(h)o-, erogu̯(h)o-

pea, legume

335

1. erek-, er[e]gh-

louse, mite, tick

335

2. er(e)k-, rek-, rok-

to tear, cut, split

335

1. eres-

to stab, pierce

336-37

2. ere-s-, ers-, r̥s-, eres-, and rē̆s-, rō̆s-

IE  rēs-

to flow

337

1. ereu-

IE  4. reu-

to ask, seek

338

2. ereu-

ers-

to tear, rip up

338

1. erə-, rē-, er(e)-

IE  3. rē-

to row; oar

338-39

2. erə-, rē-

IE  4. rē-

to rest, be still

339

er(ə)d-, (er(ə)d-), er(ə)dh-

IE

high; to grow

339

ergh-

IE

to shake, tremble

340

erku̯-

ar(e)-g̑-

to beam, shine; to praise

340

ers- : orsos

IE  1. rebh-

arse, rump, backside; tail

340-42

es-

IE

is, to be

342

esu-s : su-

IE

good, able

342-43

ē̆s-

IE  niz-do-

to sit

343

es-en-, os-en-

IE

summer, harvest time

343

ē̆s-r̥(gu̯), genitive es-n-és

blood

343

et(e)n-

seed, grain

344

ēter-

IE

intestines

344

eti

IE

out, beyond, etc.

345

ētī-

IE  anət-

eider (duck)

345

ēt-mén-

IE

breath

345

ētro-

IE  āt(e)r-

quick, swift, hurried

345-46

1. eu-, euə- : u̯ā-, u̯ə-

IE  u̯āsto-s

to lack, want; empty, vacant

346

2. eu-

IE

to dress, put on

346

3. eu-

to feel

347

4. eu-

(exclamation of joy)

347

ēudh-, ōudh-, ūdh-

IE

udder

347

euk-

IE

to accustom oneself, be used to

347-48

eus-

IE  9. u̯es-

to burn

348

eu̯egu̯h-

IE

to praise, worship, avow, speak formally

349

g̑ā̆b-

to show, watch out for

349

gag-, gōg-

something round

349-50

1. gal-

IE

bald, callow, naked

350-51

2. gal-

IE  ghel-

to call, cry

351

3. gal-, or ghal-

IE

to be able

351

gan(dh)-

vessel

352

gang-

to mock, scorn

352

g̑ā̆r-

IE  2. ger-

to call, cry

353

garəg̑-

grim, grievous, dreadful

353

gāu-

IE

to rejoice, be glad

353

g̑ebh-

g̑egh-

bough, branch, stick

354

g̑egh-, g̑ogh-

g̑ebh-

branch, bush; picket

354-55

gei-

IE  *dəg̑h-mó-

to bend, turn

355

gē(i)- : gō(i)- : gī-

to cry, sing

355-56

g̑ēi-, g̑ī-

IE

to sprout

356

geid-

IE

to stab; kittle, tickle

356

g̑eid-

to suck

356

geig̑-

to bite, prick, stab

356

g̑eis-

gravel

357-64

1. gel-

IE

to curl, form into a ball; round

365

2. gel-, and gu̯el-

IE

to glut, devour, envelop

365-66

3. gel(ə)-

IE

cold; to keel, freeze

366-67

g̑el-, g̑elə-, g̑lē-, also *gelēi- : g̑(e)ləi-

IE

bright; to shine, be joyful

367

gelebh-

IE  gleubh-

to flay, scrape

367

geli-, glī-

mouse

367-68

g̑(e)lōu̯-

IE

sister-in-law

368-69

gem-

IE

to grasp, grip; be full

369

g̑embh-, g̑m̥bh-, g̑ombhos 'tooth'

IE  g̑ep(h)-

to bite

369-70

g̑em(e)-

IE

to marry

370-73

gen-

IE  1. ken-

to pinch, press together, etc.

373-75

1. g̑en-, g̑enə-, g̑nē-, g̑nō-

IE

to bear, produce, generate

376-78

2. g̑en-, g̑enə-, g̑nē-, g̑nō-

IE

to ken, know, recognize

378-79

genebh-, genobh-

pin, wooden plug

379-80

geng-, gong-

lump

380

gengh-

to turn, weave

380-81

1. g̑enu-, g̑neu-

IE

knee, joint

381-82

2. g̑enu-, fem., g̑enədh- : g̑onədh-

IE

chin, jaw(bone)

382

g̑ep(h)-, g̑ebh-

IE  g̑embh-

jaw, jowl, mouth; to eat

382-83

1. ger-, gere-

IE

to cram, collect, put together

383-85

2. ger-

IE  4. gu̯er(ə)-

(onomatopoeic: to crow, shriek, etc.)

385-90

3. ger-

IE

to turn, wind, curl

390

4. ger-, grēi-

to grow, awaken

390-91

g̑er-, g̑erə-, g̑rē-

IE

to rub; rotten; grain

392

gerebh-

IE  grēb(h)o-s

to carve, scratch; write

392-93

g̑ers-

IE

to bend, turn

393-98

gēu-, gəu-, gū-

IE  gou̯ə-

to bend, curl; vessel

399

g̑eu-, g̑eu̯ə-, also geu̯ə-

IE

to hurry, promote

399

g(e)u-lo-

IE

glowing coal

399-400

g̑eus-

IE

to taste, degust, enjoy

400

g(i̯)eu-, g̑(i̯)eu-

IE

to chew

400-1

glag-, or glak-

IE

milk

401

gleg̑-

soft, tender

401

g̑lei-

to attack, run at

401-2

gleubh-

IE  gelebh-

to cut, cleave, pare, slice

402

glōgh- : gləgh-

IE

barb, spike

402

1. gol-, lengthened grade gōl-, reduced grade gol-

to camp, lie down; den (of animals)

403

2. gol-

bough, branch, twig

403

gō̆u-, gou̯ə-, gū-

to call, cry

403-4

gou̯ə-, or gau̯ə-? : gū-

IE  gēu-

hand; to grab

404

gras- : grō̆s-

IE

to gnaw, eat, devour

404

grēb(h)o-s : grōb(h)o-s

gred-

beech or hornbeam (tree)

405

gred- : grod-

IE  gerebh-

to grate, scratch

405

grem-

IE

to be damp; to sink

405-6

1. greus-

to crush, crumble, crackle

406

2. greus-

to burn, smolder

406

greut-

IE

to crush, press; curd

406

grōd-, grəd-

2. gher-

hail?

406

gru-

IE

to grunt (of pigs)

407

gha gha, ghe ghe, ghi ghi

g̑han-

to cackle (of geese)

407-9

ghabh-

IE

to grab, seize, take, have

409

ghabh(o)lo-, masc., ghabh(o)lā fem.

IE

branch, fork

409

g̑hāgu̯h-

young bird/animal

409-10

ghaido-, or g̑haido-

IE

goat, kid

410

ghais-

IE

to stick, be fixed to

410

g̑haiso-, or g̑həiso- : g̑hēiso-

IE

dart; staff, stick

410

ghait-ā

curly/wavy hair

411

g̑hal-, g̑hal-ar-

flaw, defect; harm

411

g̑halg(h)-

IE

flexible twig

411

g̑han-

g̑han-s-

to yawn

412

g̑han-s-

IE  1. g̑hē-

goose

412-13

1. g̑hasto-, g̑hazdho-

IE

pole, rod, gad; twig

413

2. g̑hasto-

arm, hand

413-14

g̑hau-, g̑hau̯ə-

IE

to call

414

ghau̯o-

false

414-16

g̑hðem-, g̑hðom-, genitive-ablative g̑h(ð)m-és

IE

earth, ground, soil, humus

416

g̑hði̯és, zero-grade g̑hðis, simplified to g̑hðés, g̑hi̯és, g̑hés

IE

yesterday

416-17

g̑hðū-, or g̑hi̯ū-?

IE

fish

417-18

ghe-, gho-

IE  g̑hō

(enclitic (emphatic?) particle)

418-19

1. g̑hē-, g̑hēi-

IE  2. g̑hē-

to lack, be empty; leave, go out

419-22

2. g̑hē- : ghə-, and g̑hēi- : g̑hī-

IE  gha gha

to gape, yawn

423

ghebh-el-, ghebh-el-, ghebh-elo- 'head'

IE

gable

423

ghed-

IE

to defecate; hole

423-24

ghedh-, ghodh-

IE

to join, gather, unite, make a bond

424

ghegh-

to curve, bend

424

g̑(h)eg̑h-

ferret (or similar carnivorous mammal)

424-25

1. g̑hei-, g̑hēi-

IE  g̑hēu-

to drive, throw; to wound

425-26

2. g̑hei- : g̑hi-

IE

snow; winter

426-27

gheidh-

IE  gheig̑h-

to desire, yearn for

427

gheig̑h-

IE  gheidh-

to desire, yearn for

427

gheis-, and g̑heiz-d-

IE

shocked, aghast, confused

428

ghel-

IE  6. kel-

to yell, call, cry

429-34

1. g̑hel-, and ghel-?, also as i-, u-, or n-stem; g̑helə-, g̑hlē-, g̑hlō-, g̑hlə-

IE  ghlādh-

to shine, glare, glow; gold, bright color

434

2. g̑hel-

IE

to cut?

434

g̑hēlā

wine?

434

gheldh-

to desire, wish for

435

ghel(ē̆)g̑h-

IE

(type of metal)

435

gheləd-

IE

hail, ice

435

ghelg̑h-

gland

435

ghel-ond-, ghol-n̥d-

stomach, intestines

435

ghel-ōu-, ghelū-

IE

turtle, tortoise

436

ghel-tō, Germanic and ghel-dhō Slavic

IE

to cost, pay, be worth

436

ghelunā

IE

jaw

436-37

ghen-

IE

to grind, crack open, gnaw to pieces

437-38

ghend-, and ghed-

IE

to get, grasp, seize

438

ghendh-, ghondh-

boil, abscess

438-39

g̑hengh-

IE

to step, stride, march

439

1. gher-

IE  g̑hlād-

(onomatopoeic: snarl, rattle, etc.)

439-40

2. gher-

ghrēi-

to rub, stroke hard

440

3. gher-, ghrē- : ghrō- : ghrə-

IE  7. g̑her-

to come out, jut out

440-41

1. g̑her-

IE

to yearn for, desire

441

2. g̑her-

IE  g̑herzd(h)

to gash, slit, scrape, scratch

441-42

3. g̑her-, and g̑herə-, g̑hrē-

IE

to beam, shine, shimmer

442-43

4. g̑her-

IE  g̑herdh-

to grab, grip, seize

443

5. g̑her-, g̑hor-nā

IE

bowels

443

6. g̑her-, g̑herə- : g̑hrē-?

IE

short, small

443

7. g̑her-

g̑hers-

to stiffen, stand out

444

g̑herdh-, and gherdh-

IE  g̑hesto-

to gird, enclose, encompass

445

1. ghers-, ghres-

disgust, horror, revulsion

445

2. ghers-

(type of weed, e.g. goat's foot)

445-46

g̑hers-

IE  ghrē-

to stiffen, stand out

446

gherto-

milk, butter

446

g̑herzd(h), genitive g̑hr̥zd(h)-es, g̑herzdā

2. g̑her-

barley, prickly grain

446

g̑héslo-

IE

thousand, chiliad

447

g̑hesor-, g̑hesr-

IE

hand

447

g̑hesto-

IE  4. g̑her-

arm, hand

447-48

1. g̑heu-

IE

to pour, found

448

2. g̑heu-, g̑heu-d-

IE

to die, disappear, get away

449

g̑hēu- : g̑hō(u)- : g̑həu-

IE  1. g̑hei-

to gape, yawn

450

gheub(h)-

to bend, move

450

gheug̑h-, ghū̆g̑h-

to conceal, do secretly

451

gheu̯ei̯ā, g̑heu̯ei̯ā

pit, hollow

451

ghlādh-

1. g̑hel-

bright, brilliant

451

g̑hlād-

1. gher-

to call, sound

451

ghleu-

IE

to be happy, joyful

451-52

g̑hō

IE  ū̆d-

behind; towards

452

ghoilo-s

IE

foaming, turbulent, frothing up

452

ghom-

stall

452

ghō̆s-

to eat

453

ghosti-s

IE

guest, stranger

453

ghou̯(ē)-

IE

to gawk, be aware of, pay attention to

453-54

ghou-ro-s

IE

frightened, frightening

454

ghous-

to sound, hear

454

ghrē- : ghrō- : ghrə-

IE  3. gher-

to grow, become green

455

1. ghrebh-, gherbh-, root extension ghrebhā-

IE  2. ghrebh-

to grab, grasp

455-56

2. ghrebh-

IE  ghreib-

to grub, grave, dig, scratch

456-57

ghredh-

IE

to stride, march

457

ghrēi- : ghrəi- : ghrī-, and lit. ghrei-

IE  1. ghrem-

to smear over

457-58

ghreib-

IE  1. ghrebh-

to grip, grab

458

1. ghrem-

IE  ghren-

to rub, scratch

458-59

2. ghrem-

IE

to grumble; resound, thunder

459

ghren-

IE  2. ghrēu-

to grind, rub, stroke hard

459-60

ghrendh-

beam

460

1. ghrēu- : ghrəu- : ghrū-

IE

to collapse, fall down

460-62

2. ghrēu- : ghrəu- : ghrū-

IE  grōd-

to crush, rub sharply

462

ghroud-

(round body part, e.g. cheek, bosom)

463-65

gu̯ā-, gu̯em-

IE  gu̯em-

to come, go

465

gu̯ā̆dh-

IE

to dive, sink, submerge

465-66

1. gu̯ēbh-, or gu̯ābh-?, gu̯əbh-

IE

to plunge, dive in

466

2. gu̯ēb(h)-

IE

slimy; frog

466-67

gu̯edh-

IE

to hit, push; harm, injure

467

1. gu̯ei-

IE

to cry, weep, complain

467

2. gu̯ei-

to enclose, push together

467-69

3. gu̯ei̯-, and gu̯ei̯ə-

IE

to live, survive

469

gu̯ēi-, or gu̯ei̯ə- : gu̯ī-

hide, skin

469

gu̯eid(h)-

IE

mud

469-70

gu̯ei̯ə-

IE

to prevail, overpower, be mighty

470-71

1. gu̯el-

IE

to stab; pain, death, quell

471-72

2. gu̯el-, gu̯elə-, gu̯lē-

IE

to flow, drip down; throw

472-73

3. gu̯el-, gu̯el-, gu̯lā-

IE

acorn, valonia; oak?

473

gu̯elbh-

IE

womb, uterus; young animal

473

gu̯em-

gu̯ā-

to go, come

473-74

gu̯ē̆nā

IE

queen, wife, woman

474-76

1. gu̯er-, gu̯erə-

IE

to swallow; gorge, throat

476-77

2. gu̯er-, gu̯erə-, gu̯erəu-, gu̯erī-

IE

grave, heavy

477-78

3. gu̯er-, gu̯or-

IE  gu̯retso-

mountain

478

4. gu̯er(ə)-

IE  g̑ā̆r-

to praise, congratulate, raise one's voice

479

g̑u̯er-, g̑u̯erə-

IE

to burn, be hot

479

gu̯eru-

pole, spit

479-80

gu̯es-, zgu̯es-

IE

to extinguish

480

gu̯es-, gȗos-, gus-, extended gu̯oz-do-

branches, leaves

480

1. gu̯et-

IE

resin

480-81

2. gu̯et-

IE

to speak, talk

481

gu̯et-

IE

swelling

481

gu̯ii̯ā, gu̯ii̯ós

sinew

481

gu̯is-ti-s

du̯ō(u)

finger

482

gu̯īu̯-

resin

482

gu̯l̥tur(os)

vulture

482

gu̯or-gu̯(or)o-

dirt, dung

482-83

gu̯ou-

IE

cow, ox, gaur

483-85

gu̯ōu-, gu̯ū-

IE

dirt, dung

485

gu̯ozd(h)o-, gu̯ozd(h)i-

nail, penis

485

gu̯rebh-

IE

young, embryo

485

gu̯reig̑-

to sleep, dream

485

gu̯rendh-

to swell; breast

485

gu̯retso-

IE  3. gu̯er-

big, thick, gross

485-86

gu̯rēug̑h-, gu̯rū̆g̑h-

to bite, grind one's teeth

487

gu̯hðei(ə)-

IE  ku̯þei-

to destroy, perish

487-88

gu̯hðer-

IE

to flow, run

488

gu̯hedh-

IE

to ask, bid, beg, wish for

488-89

*gu̯hēi- : gu̯həi-, gu̯həi-d- : gu̯hīd-

IE

bright, shining

489

gu̯heiə- : gu̯hī-

IE

vein, sinew, tendon

489

gu̯hel-

IE

to want, wish

489-90

g̑hu̯el-

IE

to bend, swerve

490

g̑hu̯elg-

to glance, look at

490

gu̯hemb-

to hop, spring (happily)

490-91

g̑hu̯en-

to sound

491

1. gu̯hen-

IE

to swell, abound

491-93

2. gu̯hen(-ə)-

IE

to hit, strike, fend

493

g̑hu̯ē̆r-

IE

wild animal

493-95

gu̯her-

IE

warm, hot

495

g̑hu̯oigu̯-

IE

to shine; star

495

g̑hu̯ōku̯-, g̑hu̯əku̯-

to shine, shimmer

495

gu̯hrē-

IE

to scent, smell

496

gu̯hren-

IE

diaphragm; mind, soul

497

hā̆

(surprise: ha! oh!)

497

ha ha!

IE

(laughter)

499

īl-, īlu-

dirt, mud; black

499

īli-

IE

groin, intestines

501

i̯ā- : i̯ō-

IE

to punish, be angry, excited

501

i̯ā-

i̯ē-ro-

to go

501-2

i̯ag-

IE

to worship, venerate

502

i̯agh-

to hunt, wish for

502

i̯āi

i̯ām

(demonstrative stem: one, this, etc.)

502

i̯ā̆m-, or i̯em- : i̯em- : i̯ōm-

to dig

502

i̯ām

i̯o-

(demonstrative stem: one, this, etc.)

502

i̯ē- : i̯ə-

IE

to do, throw, project

503

i̯ebh-

eibh-

to copulate

503

i̯eg-

IE

ice, icicle

503

i̯ēgu̯ā

IE

force, strength

503-4

i̯ek-

IE  i̯ēk-

to speak

504

i̯ēk- : i̯ək-

IE  i̯ek-

to heal

504

i̯ē̆ku̯-r̥(t-), genitive i̯eku̯-n-és

IE

liver

504-5

iēlo- : i̯əlo-

raw, unripe

505

i̯em-

IE

to hold

505-6

i̯énəter-, weak case i̯enətr-, i̯n̥̄tr-

sister-in-law

506

i̯ē-ro-

1. ei-

year, summer

506

i̯es-

IE

to boil, foam up

506-7

i̯et-

to set out, strive for

507

1. i̯eu-

IE

to mix, mingle (of meal preparation)

508-10

2. i̯eu-, i̯eu̯ə-, i̯eu-g-

IE  4. i̯eu-

to yoke, join, tie together

510-11

3. i̯eu-

IE

young

511

4. i̯eu-

IE  i̯eu̯os-

to separate, hold apart

511-12

i̯eu-dh-

IE

to fight, move swiftly

512

i̯eug̑-

to arouse, excite; unsteady

512

i̯eu-ni-, or i̯ou-ni-

the right place/way

512

i̯eu̯o-

IE

grain, esp. barley

512

i̯eu̯os-

IE  2. i̯eu-

rule, right, justice, statute

513

i̯o-

i̯ou

(relative stem: one, this, etc.)

513

i̯oi-ni-

reed (bulrush)

513

i̯ork-

(type of deer)

513

i̯ou, i̯u

oi-

(demonstrative stem: one, this, etc.)

513

i̯ō[u]s- : i̯ūs-

IE

belt; to gird

513-14

1. i̯u-

IE  6. u̯ē̆s-

you (plural)

514

2. i̯ū̆

(exclamation of joy/wonder)

515

kā-

IE  kā̆m-

to like, wish, desire

515-16

kā̆, ke, kom

IE

well! (particle)

516

kā̆d-

k̑ād-

to rob, harm, damage; chase

516

kadh-

IE

to guard, protect

516

1. k̑ad-

IE

to fall

516-17

2. k̑ad-

to shine, sparkle

517

k̑ād- : k̑ədes- : k̑əd-s-

IE  kā̆d-

hate, displeasure, uneasiness

517-18

kag̑o-, masc., kag̑ā- fem.

IE

goat

518

kagh- : kogh-

IE

to sew, plait, etc.

518

kaghlo-

IE

pebble

519

1. kai-, kai-u̯o-, kai-u̯elo-

IE  kai-ko-

alone

519

2. kai

IE

and

519

3. kā̆i-, kī̆-

IE

heat

519

4. kāi-d-, kāi-t-

kāi-t-

bright, shining

519-20

kai-ko-

IE  kai-lo-

one-eyed

520

kaik̑-, or koik̑-

kais-

to itch, scratch

520

kai-lo-, kai-lu-

IE  1. kai-

bright; hale, whole, healthy

520

kais-

kaik̑-

hair

521

kāi-t-

(s)kāi-

bright, shining

521

kaito-

IE

woods, forest

521

kaiu̯r̥-t, kaiu̯n̥-t

IE

cleft, hollow, ravine

521

kakka-

IE  k̑eku̯-

to defecate (nursery word)

521

kāk-

to croak; cracking sound

521-22

1. k̑ak-

to become thin

522

2. k̑ak-, k̑ek-?

IE

to help, enable

522-23

1. k̑āk- : k̑ək-, probably k̑ā[i]k- : k̑īk-

IE  k̑ank-

to jump, spring out

523

2. k̑ā̆k-

IE  keg-

branch

523-24

1. kal-

IE  2. kel-

hard, callous; blister

524

2. kal-, kali-, kalu-

IE

handsome, beautiful; healthy

524

3. kā̆l-, kō̆l-?

IE

to be captured; prison

524

kalni-

narrow passage

524-25

kam-er-

kam-p-

to bend, curve

525

kā̆m-

kā-

to like, wish, desire

525

kamb-

(s)kamb-

to bend, curve

525

kam-p-

IE  kam-er-

to bend

525-26

kan-

IE

to chant, sing, sound

526

kand-, skand-, and Indo-Iranian (s)kend-

IE  (s)kand-

to glow, shine; bright, candent

526

k̑ank-

1. k̑āk-

to jump, spring out

526-27

kan-tho-

IE

curve, angle, corner

527-28

kap-

IE

to cop, grab, grasp

529

kāp-, kəp-

piece of land

529

kā̆po-

thing in the water

529

kapro-

IE

he-goat

529-30

kap-ut

IE

head

530

kā̆pho-, or k̑ō̆pho-

IE

hoof

530

1. kar-

koro-s

to scold, punish, revile

530-31

2. kar-, karə-

IE

to glorify, praise aloud

531-32

3. kar-, reduplicated karkar-

IE

hard

532

kār-

wax

532-33

kars-

IE

to rub, scratch

533

k̑as-, k̑as-no-

IE

gray

533

k̑ās-, k̑əs-

IE

to teach, show the way

534

1. kat-

IE

to link, plait, weave; chain, net

534

2. kat-

IE

to bear young; young animal

534

k̑at-

IE

to fight, struggle; battle

535

kau-

IE

to humble, discourage

535

kāu-, kəu-

IE

to hew, cut, hit

535-36

kā̆u-, kē̆u-, kū-

IE

to howl

536-37

kā̆u(ə)lā : kūlā

boil, abscess, swelling

537

kau-l-, ku-l-

IE  2. keu-

hole, hollow; bone

537

kaus-

to draw lots

537

k̑e-

k̑o-

this

537

ked-

IE

to smoke

537-38

keg-, keng-, and kek-, kenk-

IE  keng-

(grappling) hook, handle, peg

538-39

kēi-

IE

to move, set in motion

539-40

1. k̑ei-

IE

to lie down; camp

540-41

2. k̑ei-

IE  k̑ē-ro-

(dark color: brown, gray)

541-42

k̑ē(i)- : k̑ō(i)- : k̑ə(i)-

IE

to hone, whet, sharpen

542

k̑ēi-bh-

IE  k̑ēi-gh-

fast, hasty, violent

542

keid-

IE

to fall

542-43

k̑ēi-gh-

IE  k̑ēi-bh-

fast, hasty, violent

543

k̑eip-

to slant, slope; to wag, wave

543

k̑eipo-, k̑oipo-

peg, stake (wood/stone)

543

keis-

arm; thigh, shin

543

kek̑-

weasel

543

keku-

cudgel, hammer-shaped stick

544

k̑ēko-

green grass/fodder

544

k̑eku̯-

kakka-

to defecate; dung

544

1. kel-, kelə-

IE

to tower up; hill

545

2. kel-

IE  3. kel-

to stab, stick, sting

545-47

3. kel-, kelə-, klā-, extended klād-

IE  8. kel-

to hew, hit, cut down

547-48

4. kel-, and kāl-

3. ker(ə)-

light and dark spots

548

5. kel-

IE  keleu-

to drive, compel, accelerate, move quickly

548-50

6. kel-, k(e)lē-, k(e)lā-, or kl̥̄-?

IE  koli-

to call, cry

550-51

7. kel-, kol-, kol-

IE

calix, beaker, goblet

551

8. kel-

2. sē̆k-

to cut

551

9. kel-

2. (s)kel-

to owe, be guilty

551

10. kel-

3. (s)kel-

to dry out

551

11. kel-

kolə-

to bend; crooked

551

kēl-, kōl-, kəl-

IE

to deceive, dumbfound, enthrall

551-52

1. k̑el-

IE

cold; warm, caloric

552

2. k̑el-

IE  k̑lei-

to bow, lean, incline

552-53

3. k̑el-

k̑oləmo-s

thin shaft, stalk

553-54

4. k̑el-

IE  k̑lep-

to hide, conceal

554

k̑elb-, k̑elp-

IE

to help

554

keleu-

IE  5. kel-

to wander; way, path

554

keləu̯o-, keleu̯o-

IE

bald, bare

554

kelg-

to wind around; windings, intrigue

555

kelp-, kl̥p-

jug, pot, cauldron

555

1. kem-

IE

to squeeze, press together

556

2. kem-

to buzz, croon, hum

556

1. k̑em-, or k̑am-

horn, pole, stick

556

2. k̑em-

IE  (s)k̑em-

hornless (though normally horned) animal

556-57

3. k̑em-

IE

to wrap, cover, conceal

557

4. k̑em(ə)-

IE

to be/make tired

557-58

kemə-, komə-, kmā-

IE

bite, piece

558

kemero-, komero-, kemero-

(plant name)

558

kemer-

armored animal (crab, turtle, etc.)

558-59

1. ken-

IE  gen-

to pinch, press, etc.

559-63

2. ken-, kenə-, keni-, kenu-

IE

to rub, scrape, scratch off; ashes

563-64

3. ken-

IE

to begin, be born, come forth anew; young, recent

564

4. ken-

IE

to strain, strive eagerly

564

k̑en-

void, empty

564-65

kenəkó-

IE

golden, honey-colored

565

keng-, kenk-

k̑enk-

(grappling) hook, handle, peg

565

1. kenk-

IE

to bind, gird

565

2. kenk-

IE

to burn, hurt; dry feeling: thirst, hunger

566

3. kenk-

IE

heel, hock, back of knee

566

k̑enk-, k̑onk-

IE  2. k̑ā̆k-

to hang, sway, dangle

566

k̑ens-

IE  sengu̯h-

to announce, proclaim, speak formally

567

kenth(o)-

cloth, rag

567

k̑ent-

IE

to stab, stick

567-71

1. ker-, kor-, kr-

IE  k̑re-

(onomatopoeic: a hoarse sound)

571

2. ker-

kerəp-

to cut

571-72

3. ker(ə)-

IE  kers-

to burn

572-73

4. ker-

IE

cherry

573

5. ker-?, kō̆r-

to hang

573-74

6. ker-, and k̑er-

k̑erbero-

dirty, dark-colored, etc.

574

7. ker-

2. (s)ker-

to jump, turn

574-77

1. k̑er-, k̑erə- : k̑rā-, k̑erei-, k̑ereu-

IE

horn, head, upper part of body

577

2. k̑er-, k̑erə-, k̑rē-

IE

to grow, increase

577-78

3. k̑er-

rope, string; to plait, weave

578

4. k̑er-, and k̑erə- : k̑rē-

IE  k̑rē-

to harm, injure; ruined, spoiled

578

k̑erbero-, and kerbero-

k̑ormen-

checkered, variegated

579

1. kerd-

to gird

579

2. kerd-

IE

craft, talent; skilled

579

k̑erdho-, k̑erdhā

IE

line, row, herd

579-80

k̑ered- : k̑erd-, k̑ērd-, k̑r̥d-, k̑red-

IE  k̑red-

heart

580-81

kerem-, krem- : krom-, and kerm-

IE  krem-

onion or garlic; ash (tree)

581

kerəp-, krēp-

2. krēp-

cloth, leather rag; shoe

581

kerk̑- : kork̑- : kr̥k̑-

to wrinkle, shrivel up

582

k̑erə-, k̑rā-

IE  k̑rā-

to cook

582

kerm-

to rest, tire

582

kerno-

jaw, chin(bone)

582

k̑ē-ro-

2. k̑ei-

colorful (or a color term)

583

kers-

IE  1. k̑er(s)-

black, dirty; a dark color

583

1. k̑er(s)-

IE  4. kel-

bristle, stiff hair

583-84

2. k̑ers-

IE

to run

584-85

kert-, kerət-, krāt-

IE  krāt-

to roll, turn, wind

585-86

kes-

IE  ks-en-

to comb, itch, scratch

586

k̑es-

IE

to cut

586-87

kē̆t-, kot-

IE

room, dwelling place

587-88

1. keu-, skeu-, lengthened grade kēu-

IE  4. (s)keu-

to see, hear, observe, hearken, attend to

588-92

2. keu-, keu̯ə-

IE  kau-l-

to bend

592-94

1. k̑eu-, k̑eu̯ə- : k̑ū-, k̑u̯ā-

IE

to swell

594-95

2. k̑eu-

IE

to shine, be bright

595

1. k̑ēu- : k̑ū-

to sway, totter

595

2. k̑ēu- : k̑əu-, k̑ū-

IE

to burn, light (a fire)

595

k̑eub-

thorn

595-96

keuəd-, kū̆d-

1. skeud-

to cry, shout

596-97

keu̯əp- : ku̯ēp-, ku̯əp-, kū̆p-, and occasionally keu̯(e)p-, k(e)u̯ep-

IE

to boil, cook, smoke

597

k̑ēu̯ero-, k̑ōu̯ero-, also sk̑ūro-?

IE

north (wind)

597

k̑euk-

IE

to glow, light, shine

597

k̑euk̑-, k̑uk̑-

to whirl, mix together

598

kik-

jay (bird)

598

1. k̑ik-

IE

strap

598

2. k̑ī̆k-

to rain, drizzle

598

k̑ik̑er-

pea

598

k̑īō̆n-, k̑īsō̆n-?

pillar

598

k̑iph-

thin flexible twig/root

599

kistā

basket, plaited container

599

klā-

IE

to lade, place, heap up, lay down

599

klādhrā

alder (tree)

599

klau-

to weep

599-600

klēg-, klōg-, kləg-, klang-, kleg-, klōg-, kleig-, kleik-

IE

to cry, scream, shout

600-2

k̑lei-

IE  2. k̑el-

to lean, incline, tip (over)

602

kleik̑-

to press/squeeze (painfully)

602-3

klem-, klēm-, klem-

weak, slack, feeble, ailing

603

kleng-, and klenk-

IE

to bend, wind

603

kleno-

maple

603

klep-

2. k̑leu-

damp, wet

604

k̑lep-, sk̑lep-?

IE  4. k̑el-

to steal, cover, secrete

604

klēp-

to hold in arms and/or lap

604-5

klēu-, also klĕu-?, and klāu-

IE

hook, crook

605-7

1. k̑leu-, k̑leu̯ə- : k̑lū-

IE

to hear, listen

607

2. k̑leu- : *k̑lō[u]- : k̑lū-

IE  sk̑lēk-

to clean, rinse, swill

607-8

k̑lou-ni-

hip, buttock

608

knei-gu̯h-, knei-b-

IE

to bow, kneel

608

kneug-

(onomatopoeic: growling, whimpering)

608

knid-, k̑nid-, sknid-

nit, louse

609-10

k̑o-, k̑e-, with the particle k̑e 'here', k̑(e)i-, k̑(i)i̯o-

IE  k̑e-

this

610

kob-

IE

to fit, fare well, be successful

610

koi-, ku̯ī-

(creaking noise)

610

koi-lo-

naked; miserable

610

k̑oi-no-

grass

611

kois-

IE

to cure, worry, care for

611

ko ko, kak(k)-, ku(r)kur-

(onomatopoeic: sound of cock/hen)

611

kok̑sā

IE

body part: foot, coxa, etc.

611-12

kolə- : klō-

IE  4. (s)kel-

to spin

612

k̑oləmo-s, k̑oləmā

IE  3. k̑el-

reed, stalk, stem

612

kol(ē̆)i̯-

glue

612

koli-

5. (s)ku̯el-

young dog/animal

612-13

kom

IE

at, by, cum, with, alongside

613-14

konəmo-, knāmo-, or kenəmo-

IE

shinbone

614

k̑onk-

IE

to doubt, vacillate

614

k̑onkho-

IE

conch, clam(shell), mussel

614

k̑op(h)elo-s, or k̑ap(h)elo-s

(type of carp)

614-15

kopso-

blackbird

615

k̑orkā

grit, gravel

615

k̑ormen-

6. ker-

weasel

615

k̑ormno-, k̑r̥mno-

corrosive liquid: lye, wine, urine, etc.

615

k̑ormo-

IE

harm, pain, torment, suffering

615-16

koro-s, kori̯o-s

IE  1. kar-

war, army, warrior

616

kos(e)lo-

IE

hazel (tree)

616

kost-

IE

bone; leg

616

k̑rā̆po-, k̑rō̆po-?

IE

roof

616

k̑rā-

k̑erə-

to cook, mix

616

krāt-

kert-

to roll, turn, wind

616-17

krā[u]- : krəu- : krū̆-

IE

to heap up, pile together; heap; roof

617

k̑re-, k̑rei-, k̑r̥̄-

kreb-

(hoarse sound)

617

k̑rē-

4. k̑er-

to harm, injure; ruined, spoiled

617

kreb-

2. kreg-

(hoarse sound)

617

k̑rebh-, k̑rō̆bh-, k̑rembh-

to entrust

617-18

kred-

IE

beams

618

k̑red-

k̑ered-

heart

618

1. kreg-, and kerg-?

to torment

618

2. kreg-

2. krei-

(hoarse sound)

618

1. krei-

IE

to brush, stroke, touch

618

2. krei-, kreig-, kreik-

3. krek-

(hoarse sound)

618

k̑rei-

IE

to appear, show forth

618-19

1. krek-

IE

to hit

619

2. krek-, kr̥k-

IE

roe, fish/frog spawn

619

3. krek-

2. krep-

(hoarse sound)

619

4. krē̆k- : krok-

to tower, jut out; beams

619

krem-

kerem-

onion or garlic; ash (tree)

620

1. krep-, kr̥p-

IE

form; corpse, body

620

2. krep-

4. kreu-

(hoarse sound)

620

1. krēp-

firm, strong

620

2. krēp-

4. (s)ker-

cloth, leather; shoe

620

1. kret-

IE

to shake

621

2. kret-

IE

to hit

621-22

1. kreu-, kreuə- : krū-, kreus-, krus-

IE

raw flesh, thick/clotting blood; ice, crust

622

2. kreu-

to crash, collapse, fall down

622-23

3. kreu-, krou-s-

IE

to break, hit, push

623

4. kreu-

5. (s)ker-

(hoarse sound)

623

kreup-

scab

623

kreu-t-, kreu-dh-?

IE

to shake, move visibly

623-24

krom-

lattice, framework, wooden fence, etc.

624

kr(o)k-sko-

arm

624

k̑rūs-

leg, shank, thigh

624

krū̆t-

IE

breast, belly; vault, protuberance

624

k̑sā-

k̑sē̆-ro-

to burn

625

kseip-, kseib-

to throw, toss

625

ks-en-, ks-es-, ks-eu-

kes-

to comb, itch, scratch

625

k̑sē̆-ro-

IE  k̑sā-

dry, xeric, bright (of weather)

625

kseubh-

to sway, swing, totter

625

kseud-

to grind, stamp to little pieces

626

k̑þei-

IE

to settle

626

kþē(i)-, kþə(i)-

IE

to gain, acquire, possess

626

ku-, kus-

IE

to kiss

626-27

k̑ū-

sharp, pointed; pike, stake

627

k̑ū̆dh-

dirt, dung

627

kuku

(onomatopoeic: cooing, cuckoo)

627

k̑up-

shoulder

627

ku̯ak-

(onomatopoeic: croaking, quacking)

627-28

ku̯at(h)-

IE

to ferment, become sour

628

1. k̑u̯ei-, k̑u̯ei-no-

dirt, mud; to defile

628

2. k̑u̯ei-

IE

to hiss, twitter, whistle, etc.

628-29

3. k̑uei-, extended kuei-d-, kuei-s-, kuei-t-

IE

to shine; white

629

k̑u̯ek-, nasalized k̑u̯enk- : k̑uk-

to gape

629

k̑u̯el-

muddy

630

ku̯elək-, or kelək-, kolək-

2. ku̯elp-

bale, bundle

630

1. ku̯elp-, ku̯elb- : ku̯l̥p/b- : klup/b-

IE

to stumble, buckle at the knees; to trot

630

2. ku̯elp-

IE  ku̯elək-

to curve, vault

630

k̑u̯en-

IE

to celebrate; saint

631

k̑u̯endh-ro-, -no-

(type of plant)

631

ku̯erp-, also ku̯erb-

IE

to turn, wind

631-32

k̑u̯es-, k̑us-

IE

to pant, puff, sigh, wheeze

632

ku̯ēt-, ku̯ət- : kū̆t-

IE  (s)kū̆t-

to shake, winnow

632

ku̯oi-, ku̯ī-

to want, wish for

632-33

k̑u̯on-, k̑un-

IE

hound, dog

633

ku̯res-, ku̯ers-, ku̯r̥s-

small wood, trees

634

kha kha

(laughter)

635

ku̯alo-s

(s)ku̯alo-s

(big fish)

635

ku̯as-i̯o-, -lo-

basket, plaited work

635-36

1. ku̯e

IE  ku̯ene

(enclitic) and

636

2. ku̯e-

ku̯o-

(indefinite/interrogative pronoun)

636

ku̯ē̆d-, ku̯ō̆d-

IE

to bore, drill, prick, stab

636-37

1. ku̯ei(-t)-

IE

to observe with respect, pay attention to

637-38

2. ku̯ei-

IE

to stow, gather, pile up

638

ku̯ei̯ə-, ku̯ii̯ē-

IE

to rest comfortably; quiet, peaceful, tranquil

638-39

ku̯ek̑-, ku̯ōk̑-, ku̯ek̑-s-

IE

to see, show, appear

639-40

1. ku̯el-, ku̯elə-

IE

to turn; wheel; neck?

640

2. ku̯el-

IE

far away

640

3. ku̯el-

IE

crowd, herd, swarm

640-41

ku̯em-

to gulp, sip, swallow

641

ku̯ene

1. ku̯e

(particle: uncertainty, generalization)

641

ku̯enth-

IE

to endure, suffer

641-42

1. ku̯er-

IE  (s)ku̯er-

to do, form, make

642

2. ku̯er-

IE

dish, pot

642

ku̯eru-

to chew, grind

642-44

ku̯etu̯er-, ku̯etu̯ō̆r-, ku̯etur- (masc.), ku̯etes(o)r- (fem.)

IE

four

644-48

ku̯o-, ku̯e-, fem. ku̯ā, ku̯ei-

IE  2. ku̯e-

(indefinite/interrogative pronoun)

648

ku̯rei-

IE

to buy

649

ku̯r̥mi-

grub, worm, maggot

649

ku̯sep-

dark

649

ku̯þei-

gu̯hðei(ə)-

to destroy, perish

649

ku̯ās- : ku̯əs-

to cough

650-51

1. lā-, and lē-

IE  lē-

(onomatopoeic: to bark, howl, etc.)

651

2. lā-

IE

to be hidden, covered, latent

651

lab-, and labh-, lap(h)-

IE  lak-

to lap, lick, smack (the lips), etc.

652

labh-

IE  rabh-

to grab, hold, seize

652

lā̆gh-

lāgu̯h-

to cut; a cutting tool

652

lāgu̯h-

(s)lā̆gu̯-

to grab, seize

652

lai-

fat, lard

652

laidh-, lidh-

IE

to cut, hurt, injure

652

laiu̯o-

IE

(on the) left

652-53

lā[i]p-, ləip-, ləp-

IE

to burn, shine

653

lak-

lab-

to lap, lick

653

lak̑-

IE

to spot, sprinkle

653

laku-

IE

(water in) lake, pond, ditch, etc.

653-54

lāmā

swamp, puddle

654

lāp-

cow

654

las-

IE

greedy, covetous

654-55

lat-

IE

damp, wet; swamp

655

lāu-

IE

to acquire (as booty), enjoy something

655

lauk(o)-, ləuk-

(s)leug-

jaw; throat

655

lē-

3. lēu-

(onomatopoeic: to bark, howl, etc.)

655-57

lē̆b-, lō̆b-, lāb-, leb-

IE  (s)leb-

lip; to hang down slackly

657

1. leg-

IE

to leak, drip, dribble, ooze out

658

2. leg-

to worry

658

leg̑-

IE

to collect, gather

658-59

legh-

IE  2. lēg̑h-

to lie, recline, set down

660

1. lēg̑(h)- : ləg̑(h)-

branch, twig

660

2. lēg̑h- : ləg̑h-

IE  legh-

to crawl; low

660-61

legu̯h-

IE

to move easily

661

1. lē̆i-, lek-

2. leik-

to bend, flex

661-62

2. lei-

IE  1. leig-

to dissipate, disappear; thin, weak

662-64

3. lei-

IE  4. lē̆i-

slimy; to slip, glide

664-65

4. lē̆i-

IE  1. lendh-

to pour

665

1. lē[i]- : ləi-

IE

to want, wish

665

2. lē(i)-

IE  3. lē(i)-

to grant/acquire possession

666

3. lē(i)-

IE  lēs

to weaken, leave behind; feeble

666

leibh-

1. leip-

to smear, stick

666

leid-

IE

to play, joke

667

1. leig-, and leik-, better oleig-, oleik-

IE  1. leik-

needy, miserable

667

2. lē̆ig-, līg-

IE

form, appearance; like, similar

667-68

3. leig-, loig-

IE

to hop, jump, tremble

668

4. leig-, leig̑-

IE

to tie, bind, ligate

668

leig̑h-, sleig̑h-

IE

to lick

669

1. leik-

2. leit(h)-

to offer for sale

669

2. leik-

IE  8. el-

to bend

669-70

leiku̯-

IE

to leave, relinquish

670-71

1. leip-

IE  leibh-

to smear (with fat), stick

671

2. leip-

to desire, request, wish for

671

leis-

IE

to furrow; learn

672

1. leit-

IE

to loathe, detest, abhor; violate

672

2. leit(h)-

IE  2. el-

to die, go away

672-73

leizd-, loizd-

IE

edge, fringe, hem

673

1. lek-? : lok-

to blame, scold, reprove

673

2. lek- : lek-, and lēk- : lək-

IE  r̥ksā

joint, body member; to bend, wind

673-74

1. lēk- : lək-

IE

tendril; trap

674

2. lēk- : lək-

IE

to lacerate, tear to pieces

674

1. lem-

IE

to break, crush to pieces; lame, fragile

675

2. lem-

astonishment (with the notion of wide open jaws)

675

1. lendh-

(s)leidh-

spring (of water), wetness

675

2. lendh-

IE

hip, loins; kidney

675

3. lendh-

IE

heath, steppe, open land

676

leng-

lenk-

to sway, bend oneself

676

lengh-

to scold, scorn

676-77

lenk-

IE  leng-

to bend

677

lento-

IE

lithe, flexible, pliable

677-78

1. lep-

(onomatopoeic root)

678

2. lep-

IE

to flay, peel, skin

678

3. lep-

rock, stone

679

lēp-, lōp-, ləp-

IE

flat

679

lerd-

to twist, shrivel up

679

lerg-

lorgā-

even, smooth, slippery

680

les-

IE

to lease, collect, pick up

680

lēs : ləs-

2. lē(i)-

weak, slack, feeble

680

leto-, lēti-, lēto-, lōto-

heat, burning, anger

680

lēto-, ləto-

IE

daytime; summer, warm season

681

letro-

IE  3b. pel-

leather

681

1. leu-, *leu̯ə- : lū̆-

IE  2. leu-g-

dirt

681-82

2. leu-

IE  leup-

to free, cut off, separate

682-83

1. lēu-

to leave behind

683

2. lēu- : ləu-

IE

stone

683

3. lēu-, or lāu-

IE  1. lā-

(onomatopoeic: to bark, howl, etc.)

683-84

leubh-

IE

to love, like, care for

684

leud-

IE

to lout, bend over, duck down; bent, little, etc.

684-85

1. leudh-

IE

to grow up; free; people

685

2. leu-dh-

6. el-

to go, move, drive

685-86

1. leug-

IE

to bend

686

2. leu-g- : lu-g- : lū-g-

1. leu-

blackish; swamp

686

leug̑-

IE

to break

686-87

1. leugh-

IE

to lie, prevaricate

687

2. leugh-, lugh-

oath

687-90

leuk-

IE

to light, shine; see

690-91

leup-, and leub-, leubh-

IE  2. leu-

to lift, peel, cut/break off, etc.

691

lēut- : lūt-

angry, raging, wrathful

691

lī̆-no-

IE

flax, linen

691

log̑-

rod, twig

691-92

lorgā-, lorgi-

lerg-

stick, club

692

lou-, lou̯ə-

IE

to lave, wash

692

lū̆s, genitive luu̯-ós

IE

louse

693

1. mā-

to beckon, wave (hand); deceive

693

2. mā-

IE

timely, opportune

694

3. mā

IE  mātér-

mama (nursery word)

694-95

mad-

IE

to drip; wet; fat, glossy, well-fed

695

magh- : māgh-

IE

to help, be able; might, power

696

maghos

IE

maiden, young person

696-97

mag̑-

IE  2. māk-

to knead, press

697

mag̑h-

IE

to fight, struggle

697

1. mai-

IE

to maim, hew, cut with sharp instrument

697

2. mai-, moi-?

IE

to smudge, stain

698

mak-

IE

skin, leather bag

698

1. mā̆k-

IE

damp, wet; to soak

698

2. māk-

IE  men(ə)k-

to knead, press

698

mā̆k(en)-

poppy

699

mak̑o-, or mok̑-o-

fly, gnat

699

māk̑- : mək̑-

IE

long and slender

699

makh-o-s

bold, wild, frisky, unbridled

699

mand-

mend-

pen/hurdle of plaited rods/twigs

699-700

mā-no-, mā-ni-

IE

damp, wet

700

manu-s, or monu-s

IE

man, human being

700

marko-

IE

mare, horse

700

1. math-, or moth-

IE

moth, harmful insect

700

2. mat-

club, hoe, mattock

700-1

mātér-

IE  3. mā

mother

701

mau-ro-

tired, weak; dark

701-2

mazdo-s

IE

mast, pole

702

1. me-

IE  eg̑-

me (1st pers. sg. oblique pronoun stem)

702-3

2. me-

IE  medhi-

by, with, amidst, around

703

1. mē-

IE  1. am-

(prohibitive particle: lest, that not)

703

2. mē-, m-e-t-

IE  met-

to mow, reap

703-4

3. mē-, m-e-t-

IE  1. med-

to measure

704

4. mē-, mō-

IE

big, important

704-5

5. mē-, mō-, mə-

IE

to be intent; of strong will

705-6

1. med-

IE  mēnōt

to mete, allot; give advice, healing

706

2. med-

IE

to swell

706-7

medhi-, medhi̯o-

IE  2. me-

middle

707

médhu

IE

mead, honey

707

mē̆gh-

IE

friendly, well-disposed

708-9

meg̑(h)- : meg̑(h)-

IE

much, big, great, major

709

1. mei-

IE  4. mei-

to mure, repair, strengthen; pole

710

2. mei-

IE  mei-gu̯-

to change, mutate, exchange

710

3. mei-

IE

to go, wander

710

4. mei-

IE  1. mei-

to bind, tie

711

5. mei-, mi-neu-

IE

to lessen, diminish; small, minor

711

6. mei-, mei̯u-, min(u)-, mim(ei)-

mek-

(onomatopoeic: high thin sound)

711-12

7. mēi- : mōi- : mī-

IE

mild, soft

712-13

meigh-, also meik-

meis-

to flicker, twinkle; mist

713

meig̑h-

IE

to micturate, urinate

713

mei-gu̯-

IE  mei-k̑-

to (ex)change

714

mei-k̑-, and mei-g̑-?

IE  2. mei-t(h)-

to mix, stir

714

mei-no-

IE

view, opinion, intention

714

meis-

meigh-

to flicker, twinkle; mist

715

1. meit(h)-

place to stay

715

2. mei-t(h)-

IE  2. mei-

to commute, (ex)change

715-16

mek-

1. mū̆-

to bleat (onomatopoeic root)

716-19

1. mel-, also smel-, melə- : mlē-, mel-d- : ml-ed-, mel-dh-, ml-ēi- : mlī̆-, melə-k- : mlā-k-, mlēu- : mlū̆-

IE

to mill, grind; fine, ground

719-20

2. mel-

IE

to deceive

720

3. mel-

IE

to hesitate

720

4. mel-

IE  melg̑h-

big, strong

720

5. mel-

IE

limb; to join

720-21

6. mel-, melə-

IE  2. smel-

dark color (black, dirty, etc.)

721

7. mel-

wool, woolen garment

721-22

8. mel-, melə- : mlō-

to appear, come forth

722

1. meldh-

IE

to utter ritual words (to a deity)

722

2. meldh-

IE

lightning

722-23

mē̆lg̑-, or meləg̑-?

IE  1. melk-

to milk, pluck, wipe off

723

melg̑h-

4. mel-

to swell

723-24

meli-t, genitive mel-nés

IE

honey

724

1. melk-

mē̆lg̑-

to rub, stroke

724

2. melk-, melg-

IE

wet

724

mēlo-, smēlo-

IE

small animal

725

melōdh-, molədh-, molədh-

head; elevation

725

mels-

to taste

725

membh-

to reproach

725

mēmso-, mē(m)s-ro-

IE

flesh, meat

726

1. men-

IE  2. menth-

to mount, rise, tower

726

2. men-

to press, step on, tread down

726-28

3. men-

IE  5. men-

to think; mind, spiritual activity

728-29

4. men-

IE  meni-

to diminish; small

729

5. men-

IE  3. men-

to stay, remain, stand still

729

mend-, mond-, mn̥d-?

mand-

to feed, suck(le); breast

729-30

mendā

IE

flaw, defect, mistake

730

mendh-

IE

to direct attention to; vivacious

730

men(e)gh-, mon(e)gh-, mn̥gh-

IE

many, abundant, copious, excessive

730-31

men(ə)k-

IE  mag̑-

to knead

731

meng-

to make pretty, beautiful

731

meni-

IE  4. men-

minnow (or other type of fish)

731-32

mēnōt, genitive mēneses, from which mēnes-, mēns-, mēs-, mēn-

IE  3. mē-

month; moon

732

1. menth-, meth-

to stir, swirl, mix up

732-33

2. menth-

IE  mono-

to chew, eat

733

1. mer-

to plait, weave; rope

733-34

2. mer-

IE

to flicker, shimmer

734

3. mer-, mor-(u-)

to blacken; dark color, dirt spot

735

4. mer-, merə-

IE  5. mer-

to die

735-37

5. mer-, merə-

IE  1. merg̑-

to rub, wipe; pack, rob

737-38

6. mer-, mer-s-

IE

to anger, bother, disturb, etc.

738

merədh-, mrādh-

to boil, bubble up

738

mereg̑-

IE

march, edge, border, frontier

738

meregh-

IE

to soak, moisten, drizzle

738

1. merg̑-

1. merk-

to wipe off

738

2. merg̑-

merk̑-

to grab, seize

738-39

meri̯o-

IE

young man, woman

739

merk̑-

IE  2. merg̑-

to grab, seize

739-40

1. merk-, merg̑-, merək-, merəg̑-

2. merk-

to rot

740

2. merk-, mork-

smerd-

vexed, sullen

740-41

mə-r, genitive mə-n-és, mn̥tós

IE

hand

741

met-

2. am-

to reap, measure

741-43

1. meu-, meu̯ə- : mū̆-

IE

damp, wet; to wash; dirt, mire

743

2. meu̯-, meu̯ə-

IE  meu-s-

to move, push away

743

mēudh-, məudh-, mūdh-

IE

to complain, care about, be intent

743-44

1. meug-

to lie in wait, take by surprise; wily

744-45

2. meug-, meuk-

IE

to slip, slide

745

meuk̑-

to tear, slit, scratch

745

meu-s-

mūs

to steal

745-46

1. mezg-

IE

to dive, plunge, immerse

746

2. mezg-

IE

to bind, knit, knot, attach

746

mizdhó-

IE

fee, pay, meed, reward

746

mō-, mo-lo-

IE

to strain, trouble oneself

746-47

mōd- : məd-, or mād- : məd-

IE

to meet, approach

747

modhro-, or madhro-

IE

blue; madder

747

moiso-s, or maiso-s

sheep; hide, pelt, leatherwork

747

mok̑s, Indo-Iranian *mok̑sū̆

IE

soon

747

molko-

IE

pouch, leather bag

747-48

mono-

IE  1. men-

neck; mane

748

mori, mōri

IE

mere, sea

748-49

mormor-, murmur-

to murmur

749

mormo(ro)-

fear, dread, horror

749

moro-

IE

blackberry

749

moru̯ī̆-

IE

maur, ant

750

mo[u]-lo- : mū-lo-

root, plant

750

mō[u]-ro- : mū-ro-

crazy, stupid

750

moz-g-o-, moz-g-en-, mos-k-o-

IE

brain

750

mozg̑ho-s

young cattle

750

mrk-

carrot; edible root

750

mregh-m(n)o-

IE

brain, skull

750-51

mreg̑hu-, mr̥g̑hu-

IE

brief, short

751-52

1. mū̆-

IE  6. mei-

(onomatopoeic: to moo, hum, etc.)

752

2. mū-, mus-

IE

fly, gnat, midge, mosquito

752

mū̆k-

heap, etc.

752-53

mūs

IE  2. meu̯-

mouse; muscle

753

mut-o-s

stunted; circumcised

754

1. nā-

IE

to help, be useful

754

2. nā-

to be afraid, ashamed

754

nāgu̯h-

sober?

754

nak-

fur, pelt

754

nana, nena

IE

(nursery word: mother, etc.)

755

nant-

IE

to dare, risk

755

nas-

IE

nose

755-56

1. nāus-

IE

boat, ship

756

2. nāu- : nəu- : nū-

IE

death; corpse

756-58

1. nĕ, nē, nei

IE

(negative particle: no, etc.)

758

2. ne, nē

no-

that (enclitic particle)

758

3. ne-, nō-, plural nē̆s-, nō̆s-

IE  1. u̯ē̆-

we

758

1. nebh-

to burst

758

2. nebh-

IE  snā-

damp, wet; clouds; water

758-59

1. ned- : ned-

IE  2. ner-

to net, bind, connect, roll up, twist together

759

2. ned-

to roar, sound, bellow

759

nedo-

reed

760

neg̑h-

to bore, pierce, stab, stick

760

1. nei-, neiə- : nī-

to lead

760

2. nei-, neiə-, nī-

IE

to be moved, excited; to shine

760

3. nei-, ni-

IE  ni-

in

760

1. neid-

to scold, shame, abuse

761

2. neid- : nid-

to flow; stream

761

neigu̯-

IE

to wash

761

neik-

to winnow (grain)

761

nēik- : nīk- : nik-

IE

to rail, fight, assault

762

nek̑-

IE  1. ank-

death, dying, necrosis; corpse

762-63

neku̯-(t-), noku̯-t-s

IE  noku̯-(t-)

night

763-64

1. nem-

IE

to nim, take, give, count, apportion

764

2. nem-

IE

to bend

764

nepōt-

IE

nephew; grandchild

765

1. ner(-t)-, aner-, əner-?

IE

vital force; man

765-66

2. ner-

IE  3. ner-

below, under

766

3. ner-

nē-tr-

to penetrate; hiding place, hollow

766-67

nes-

IE

to unite; be concealed

767

ni-, nei-

1. en

in

767

nē-tr-, nə-tr-

IE  (s)nē-

snake, adder

767

1. neu-

IE

to call, praise

767

2. neu-

IE

to push (someone); to nod

768

neu-d-

IE

to grasp, make use of

768

neu-dh-

to lust, desire, yearn for

768

neuk-

dark, unclear, indistinct

768-69

neu-ks-, neu-s-

IE

to scent, smell, sniff

769

neu̯os, neu̯i̯os

IE  nū̆-

new

769

niz-do-

sed-

nest

769

no-

eno-

that

769

nogu̯-, nogu̯od(h)o-, nogu̯-no-

IE

nude, naked

770

nogu̯o-, or nagu̯o-

IE

tree

770

noku̯-(t-)

neku̯-(t-)

night

770

nōmn̥

en(o)mn̥-

name

770

nōt-, nət-

IE

rump, nates, backside

770

nū̆-

IE  e-neu̯en

now

771

n̥dhos, n̥dheri

IE

under

771

n̥si-

black, dirty

771

n̥si-s

IE

sword

772

1. o

1. ē̆

to, with

772

2. ō

IE  2. ē

O (vocative particle)

772

obhel-

IE

to sweep; multiply

772

obhi-

opi

to, from, around, etc.

772-73

1. od-

IE  2. od-

to smell

773

2. od-

IE  1. od-

hatred, disgust, odium, aversion

773

ō̆d(e)go-, or ō̆d(e)gu̯o-

stalk, stem

773

ōg-, əg-

IE

to grow; fruit, berry

773

oi-

oi-no-

(pronoun stem)

774

oid-

IE  aid-

to swell; strong

774

oi-no-, oi-u̯o-

IE  3. e-

(demonstrative particle: one, this, etc.)

774

oiu̯ā

2. ē̆i

(vocative particle)

774

ok-

IE  oku̯-

to consider

775

ok̑tō(u)

IE  ōk̑ú-s

eight

775

ōk̑ú-s

IE  2. ak̑-

quick(ly)

775-77

oku̯-

IE  ok-

to see, ogle; eye

777

ol-(e-)

IE

to destroy

777-78

om-

IE

raw, coarse, bitter

778

om(e)so-s

IE

shoulder

778

omə-

amə-

to suffer; firm up, proceed energetically

778

ond-, n̥d-

rock, stone

779

oner-

IE

dream

779

ong-, better ang-

coal

779

ongu̯-

IE

to anoint

779

ono-, and onə-, also (o)no-d-

to scold, abuse, revile

780

onogh- : ongh-, nogh-, Celtic n̥gh-, ongh-li-

IE

claw, (toe/finger) nail

780

1. op-

IE

to work, perform, operate, bring about

781

2. op-

IE

to opt, choose, opine, suggest

781

opi

ambhi

at, by

781

ōr-, ər-

IE  5. ar-

to call, speak, talk, orate

781-82

orbho-

IE

slave, orphan; weak

782

oreu̯-, ereu-

entrails

782

org̑hi-, r̥g̑hi-

IE

testicle

782

org-

3. per-

to hit, kill

782

ort-

vine

782

*ōs, ōs-i-s, ō̆s-en-, os-k-

IE

ash (tree)

783

ost(h)-, ost(h)i, ost(h)r̥(g), oblique ost(h)-(e)n-

IE  ast(h)-

os, bone

783

oug-, ou-?

cold

783-84

ō(u̯)i̯-om

IE  au̯ei-

egg, ovum

784

óu̯i-s

IE

ewe, sheep

784-85

1. ōus- : əus-

IE

os, mouth

785

2. ōus- : əus- : us-

IE

ear

785-86

ozdo-s

branch

786

ozgho-

bud, sprout, twig

787

pā- : pə-, and pā-t- : pə-t-

IE  1. pen-

to feed, graze, pasture

787-88

pā̆k̑-, and pā̆g̑-

IE  pn̥ksti-

to repair, strengthen

788

pā̆n-

IE  sp(h)ē-

pane, panel, woven fabric

788

pando-s

1. pet-

crooked

789

pank-, pang-

baˣb-

to swell

789

pap(p)a

IE  pətḗ(r)

papa (nursery word); food, meal

789

pā̆r-

IE

to show, be visible

789

parīkā

concubine

789

pāsó-s

IE

a relative

789

pasto-

IE

firm, fast, solid

790

paus-

IE

to free, let loose

790

pāuson-, pūson-

3. peu-

(the name of a deity)

790

1. pē̆d-, pō̆d-

IE

to hold; vat, vessel, container

790-92

2. pē̆d-, pō̆d-

IE

foot

792

peg- : pog- : pōg-, pō̆k-s-

IE

hip, side, shoulder

792-93

pē(i)-, pī-

IE

to hurt, scold, shame

793-94

pei̯(ə)-, pī̆-

IE  peisk-

fat; milk

794-95

1. peig-, and peik-

IE

colored, speckled

795

2. peig̑-, and peik̑-

IE

to be hostile

795

pei-m(i)-

quick, swift, rapid

796

1. peis-? : pis-

IE

to grind, trample

796

2. peis-, speis-

to blow

796

peisk-, pisk-

IE  pei̯(ə)-

fish

796-97

1. pek̑-, pēk̑-, pōk̑-

IE

to be joyful, make pretty

797

2. pek̑-

IE  plek̑-

to fleece; fee, cattle

798

peku̯-

IE

to cook

798-801

1. pel-, pelə-, plē-

IE  pleu-

to pour, fill; full; town?

801-2

2a. pel-, pelə- : plā-

IE  3a. pel-

to drive, propel, set in motion

802

2b. pel-, pel-en-, pel-t-, pel-u̯-

IE

dust, powder; flour, meal

802-3

3a. pel-

IE  4. pel-

to fold

803-4

3b. pel-, pelə-, plē-

IE  letro-

to wrap, cover; cloth; fell, pelt

804

4. pel-

2a. pel-

dish, vessel

804

5. pel-

IE

to earn, sell

804-5

6. pel-

IE

gray, dull color; pallor

805

7. pel-, pol-, plē-, plō̆-

IE

to burn, be warm

805-7

pelə-, plā-

IE  1. plā-k-

plane, flat, wide, broad

807

peli-s-, pel-s-

IE

fell, rock

807

pelk̑- : polk̑-

to turn, bend

807

pelpo-, or polpo-

woodwork

807

1. pen-

IE  pā-

to feed

807-8

2. pen-, pen-ko-

IE

fen, swamp, mud, water; wet

808

penku̯e

IE

five

808-9

pent-

IE

to go, walk, pad, tread; way, path

809-10

1. per-, perə- : prē-, preu-

IE  2. perk̑-

to spray, sprinkle, drizzle

810-16

2a. per-

IE  prō̆-

to pass over/beyond

816-17

2b. per-, perə-

IE

to fare, transport, go/carry over

817

2c. per-, perə-

IE

to sell, impart

818

2d. per-

IE

to bear (a child)

818

2e. per-

IE

to dare, risk, try; peril, danger

818-19

3. per-, per-g-

IE  org-

to hit, kill

819

perd-

IE  pezd-

to fart, break wind (loudly)

819-20

1. perg-

pole, stem, trunk

820

2. perg-

IE

fear; to frighten

820

1. perk-, prek-

to fill up

820

2. perk- : pr̥k-

coals, glowing ash

820

1. perk̑-

breast, rib cage

820-21

2. perk̑-, prek̑-

IE  2. (s)p(h)er-

spotted, speckled

821

3. perk̑-, pr̥k̑-

IE  pork̑o-s

to open, dig out, rip up; furrow

821-22

4. perk̑-, prek̑-, pr̥k̑-

IE

to request, ask/pray for

822-23

perku̯u-s

IE

oak

823

pers-

to spray, sprinkle, drizzle; dust, ashes

823

persnā, persnī̆-, persno-

IE

heel

823

perth-

pole, stick

823-24

1. pē̆s-

IE  2. pēs-

to blow

824

2. pēs-, nasalized pēns-

1. pē̆s-

dust, sand

824

3. pes-, pesos

IE

penis

824-25

1. pet-, pet-, petə-

IE  pando-s

to stretch out (esp. arms)

825-26

2. pet-, petə- : ptē-, ptō-, Hellenic ptā-

IE

to fall, tumble down

827

1. peu-, peu̯ə- : pū̆-

IE

to sift, clean, purge, purify

827

2. peu-

IE

to repute, explore, understand

827

3. peu-

1. pū̆-

foam, froth

827

pēu- : pəu- : pū̆-

IE  3. pū̆-

to hit; sharp

828

peuk̑-, and peug̑-

IE

to pink, stab, stick

828

peu̯ə-

2. pū̆-

to rot, stink

828

peu̯ōr, pū̆r, genitive pu-n-és, locative puu̯éni

IE

fire

829

pezd-

IE  pīzdā-

to break wind (softly)

829

pətḗ(r), genitive pətr-és

IE  appa

father

830

pid-

to bear (children)

830

pik(h)o-

knot, lump

830

pi-lo-

IE

pile, hair

830

pi-n-

1. (s)p(h)ē̆i-

piece of wood

830

pī̆p(p)-

IE

to peep, squeak

831

pīzdā-

2. bhes-

vulva

831

plab-

to babble, prattle, etc.

831-32

1. plā-k- : plə-k-, ple-k- : plō̆-k-, plei-k-, and pelə-g- : plā-g- : plə-g-

IE  2. plāk-

flat, wide, broad; spread out

832-33

2. plāk-, plāg-, also plēk-, plēg-

IE  plā̆t-

to hit

833-34

plā̆t-, plā̆d-, plē̆t-, plō̆t-, plət-

IE  pləi-

flat, wide, broad; spread out

834

plē-, plə-

IE  plēk̑-

to cut, split off

834

plēi-, pləi-, plī-

bald, bare, naked

834-35

plek̑-

IE  2. pek̑-

to ply, pleach, plait, weave

835

plēk̑-, plək̑-, and plēik̑-, plīk̑-

IE  phel-

to flay, peel, rip, tear off

835-37

pleu-

IE  pl(e)u-mon-

to flee, fly, run; flow, swim

837

pleuk-

IE

floc, hair, feather

837-38

pl(e)u-mon-, pleu-ti̯o-

IE  1. pel-

lung

838

pleus-

IE

to pluck, deplume, pull out; plucked hair/feathers

838

pləi-, pləu-

pelə-

to broaden, show off

838

plouto-, pluto-

(wooden object)

838-39

pneu-

IE

to pant, breathe

839

pn̥ksti-

IE  pā̆k̑-

fist

839

1. pō(i)- : pəi-? : pī-

IE

to graze, pasture

839-40

2. pō(i)- : pī-, and (from pō-), po-

IE

to bib, drink

840-41

polo- : pōlo-

IE

big, fat, thick, swollen

841

pork̑o-s

IE  3. perk̑-

porker, pig(let)

841-42

pos

IE  apo-

about, around; by, beside; in front of

842

po-ti

against, opposite, toward

842

poti-s

IE

host, husband, lord, master, owner

842-43

pōu- : pəu- : pū̆-

IE

small, little; young (of animals)

843

pougo-, or pougho-

pure, clear

843-44

prā-

to bend

844

prāi-, prəi-, prī-, pri-

IE

to like, feel friendly/well-disposed

845

preg-

IE

greedy, covetous; willful, violent

845

prep-

IE

to catch sight of

845

pret-, prō̆t-

IE

to understand

845-46

preu-

IE

to hop, jump

846

preus-

IE

to burn, freeze

846

prīs-

to granulate, reduce to small pieces

846

prō̆-

2a. per-

to pass over/beyond

846

prōk̑to- : prək̑to-

rump, backside

846

pr̥so-

leek, onion, garlic

846-47

pster-, pstereu-

IE

to sneeze

847

ptel(e)i̯ā

IE

(type of tree, e.g. poplar/popple)

847-48

1. pū̆-, peu-, pou-, also phu-

IE  phu-

to blow (up)

848-49

2. pū̆- : peu̯ə-

IE  peu̯ə-

to rot, stink

849

3. pū̆-

pēu-

to hit; sharp

849

1. pū̆k-, peuk-

IE

thick-haired

849

2. puk̑-

to enclose, press together

850

pu-lo-

IE

(stiff) hair

850

pū-ro-

IE

grain, kernel

851

phel-

1. (s)p(h)el-

to cut, split, tear off; board

851

pher-

1. sp(h)er-

to rush, act rashly, push away, etc.

851

phō̆l-

IE

to fall

851

phu-

2. b(e)u-

to blow (up)

852

rabh-, or rebh- : rebh-

IE  labh-

to rage, be furious

852

rāp-, rēp-

rape (an herb); turnip

852

rā̆s-

IE

to cry, (re)sound

853

1. rē-, rə-, extended rē-dh-

1. rēi-

to count, compute

853

2. rē̆-, extended rē-dh-

ardi-

separate

853

3. rē-

1. erə-

to row; oar

853

4. rē-

2. erə-

to rest, be still

853

5. rē-

dark

853

6. rē-

3. rei-

to cry

853

1. rebh-

rei̯ə-

to move, hurry about

853

2. rebh-

IE

to roof, thatch

853

red-, rod-

ered-

to flow

853

1. rēd-

IE

to excite, cheer up, be joyful

854

2. rēd- : rōd- : rəd-

IE

to gnaw, scrape, scratch

854

1. reg-, and sreg-?

IE

to dye

854

2. reg-

IE

to see

854-57

1. reg̑-

IE  reig̑-

to regulate, make just/right; king, reign

857

2. reg̑-, rek̑-, rek-?

IE

damp; rain

857

regu̯os-

IE  ē̆reb(h)-

darkness

857-59

1. rei-

IE  reig-

to cut, reap, rive, tear, scratch

859

2. rei-, roi-

IE

spotted, speckled, brightly variegated

859-60

3. rei-, rē(i)-

IE  reibh-

to cry, scream, bellow, etc.

860

4. rei- : rēi-

IE

thing, possession

860

5. rei-

reid-

to support

860

1. rēi- : rī-

2. ar-

to count, arrange

860

2. rēi-, rōi-

3. ar-

nut

860

reibh-

1. reu-

(onomatopoeic: to resound?)

860

reid-

reik-

to support, lean against

861

reidh-

IE

to ride, go (in vehicle)

861-62

reig-, or reig̑-

IE  roi-no-

to rig, bind, tie

862

reig̑-, rēig̑-

IE  1. reg̑-

to reach, stretch out

862

rei̯ə-, rī-

2. reu-

to flow, move

862

reik-

1. rek-

to stretch oneself; pole

862

rei-r(ēi)-

IE

(onomatopoeic: to quake, tremble)

863

rēito-, rēiti-

joint, shoulder (of animals)

863

1. rek-

rem-

to tower up; pole

863

2. rē̆k-

IE

to reck, reckon, arrange, prepare

863

rek̑-, reg̑-

to bind

864

rek̑þh-

ŕ̥k̑þo-s

to harm, injure

864

rem-, remə-

IE  5. rei-

to rest; to support

864-65

remb-, romb-, romb-

to hack, hoe

865

rendh-

IE

to rend, rip, tear to pieces

865

rent-

thing?

865

rep-

IE

to grab, rip out, ravish

865

1. rēp-, rep-?

IE

to creep, crawl

866

2. rēp-, rəp-

IE

pole, stake, beam, rafter

866

rēs-, rōs-

2. ere-s-

to flow

866

ret(h)-

IE

to run, roll, rotate

866

rēt-, rōt-, rət-

IE

stick, pole, rood; stem, trunk

867-68

1. reu-, rēu-, rū̆-

IE  6. rē-

(onomatopoeic: to roar, rout, round, etc.)

868-71

2. reu-, reu̯ə- : rū̆-

IE  3. reu-

to open, tear out, dig/rip up, etc.

871

3. reu-, reu-s-

3. er-

to hasten

871

4. reu-

1. ereu-

to search

871-72

reu-b-, and reu-g-

IE

to belch, eruct, retch, vomit

872-73

reudh-

IE

red

873

reugh-m(e)n-

IE

cream?

873

reus-

elm (tree)

873

reu-smen-

to chew, ruminate; throat

873-74

reuto-, routo-, rut-

stomach, intestines (of an animal)

874

reu̯ə- : rū-

IE

to ream, open; wide, roomy

874

rezg-

IE

to plait, weave, wind

874

roi-no-

1. rei-

hill, road

874

rughi̯o-

u̯rughi̯o-

rye

874

ruk(k)-, rouk(k)-

IE

yarn; fabric

875

r̥ksā

2. lek-

fetlock; tether

875

ŕ̥k̑þo-s

IE  rek̑þh-

bear (animal)

876

sā-, sə-

IE  sāno-s

enough, satiate, sufficient

876-77

sāg-

IE

to seek, track, trail

877

sāi-

IE

pain, illness; sore

878

saip-

IE

fence, stall, enclosure

878

sak-

IE

to sacrifice, sanctify, make a treaty

878-79

1. sal-

IE  2. sal-

salt; brackish water

879

2. sal-

IE  1. sal-

gray, dirty, sallow

879-80

sā̆lo-

wavy

880

sāno-s

IE  sā-ti-

sane, healthy?

880

sap-, sab-

IE

to taste, savvy, perceive

880

sasi̯o-

(type of grain)

880

sā-ti-

sā-

satiated

880-81

saus-, sus-

IE

sere, dry

881-82

sā́u̯el-, sāu̯ol-, suu̯él-, su̯el-, sūl-

IE  2. su̯el-

Sol, sun

882-84

se-

IE  seni-

self, one's own

884-87

sed-

IE  ē̆s-

to sit, set, settle

887

1. seg-

1. sē(i)-

to sow (seed)

887-88

2. seg-, nasalized seng-

IE

to attach, tack on

888-89

seg̑h-, seg̑hi-, seg̑hu-

IE

to possess, hold fast, persevere, overcome; victory

889

sei-, soi-

IE  seiku̯-

to drip, be damp

889

1. sē(i)-

IE  2. sē(i)-

to sift

889-91

2. sē(i)- : səi- : sī-, sē- : sə-, and sei- : si-

IE  3. sēk-

to sow, dispatch, disseminate, let fall

891-92

3. sē(i)-, səi- : sī-, and sei- : si-

IE  si̯ē[u]-ro-

to bind, strap, tie

892

sē[i]dh- : sī̆dh-, and sədh-

to aim at, strive for

893

sē̆ik-, sī̆k-

IE

to grip, reach for

893-94

seiku̯-

IE  seip-

to spill, pour out

894

seip-, seib-

IE  sei-

to sift, pour out

894-95

1. sek-

to run off, dry out (re: water)

895-96

2. sē̆k-

IE  (s)k(h)ed-

to cut, section, dissect

896

3. sēk-

IE  1. seg-

to abate; lazy, quiet

896-97

1. seku̯-

IE  2. seku̯-

to segue, follow

897-98

2. seku̯-

IE  1. seku̯-

to see, notice; show, say, speak

898

1. sel-

IE

salon, dwelling place

898-99

2. sel-, su̯el-

IE  4. su̯el-

sill, beam, board

899

3. sel-

IE

to grab, seize, take

899

4. sel-

IE

to jump, leap, spring, exult

900

5. sel-

to creep, crawl

900

6. sel-, selə- : slā-

IE  solo-

lucky, favorable; luck

900-1

selg̑-

to pour out, send/throw away, set free

901

selk-

IE  8. u̯el-

to pull, drag; sulcus, furrow

901

selos-

sea, lake, swamp

901

selp-

IE

salve, fat, butter

901-2

1. sem-

to draw, pour, scoop

902-5

2. sem-

IE

one, some, together

905

3. sem-

IE

summer

905-6

sēmi-

IE

half, semi-

906

sen-, sene-, sen(e)u-, senə-

IE  sneubh-

to prepare, work on

906

sendhro-

IE

clotted, coagulated; fluid, melted, etc.

906

sengu̯-

IE

to sink, sag, fall

906-7

sengu̯h-

IE  k̑ens-

to sing

907

seni-, senu-, seni-, sn̥-ter-

IE  su-

for oneself; sundry, separate

907

senk-

IE

to singe, burn, dry

907-8

sen(o)-

IE

old, senile, senior

908

sent-

IE

to send, go, choose a direction; feel

909

sep-

IE

to honor, care for, concern oneself with

909

septm̥

IE

seven

909-10

1. ser-

IE  sr-edh-

to flow, stream

910

2. ser-

IE

to serve, guard, protect, shelter

910-11

3. ser-, sor-

IE

red

911

4. ser-

IE

to insert, line up, put/bind together

911-12

5. ser-, extended serp-

IE

sickle

912

serk-

IE

to fence; hedge, plaited work

912

serp-

IE

to creep, crawl

912-13

1. seu-, seu̯ə- : sū-

IE  sū-ro-

sop, soup, juice, liquid

913-14

2. seu-, seu̯ə-, sū̆-

IE  sū̆-s

to bear (a child); son

914

3. seu- : su-, seu̯ə- : sū-

seu̯i̯o-

to bend, turn

914-15

4. seu-, seu-t-

IE

to seethe, boil

915

seug-

IE

sad, sick, grievous, afflicted

915

seu̯ə-, sū-

to leave behind?

915

seu̯i̯o-

su̯ē̆(i)-

(to the) left

915

si̯ē[u]-ro- : si̯ə-ur(i̯o)-

si̯ū-

brother-in-law

915-16

si̯ū-, sīu̯-

IE  soi-to-

to sew

916

skabh-, skambh-

IE

to support

916-17

(s)kāi-

IE  sk̑āi-

bright, shining

917

(s)k(h)ai-, (s)k(h)ai-d-, (s)k(h)ai-t-

IE

to cuff, kick

917-18

sk̑āi-, sk̑əi- : sk̑ī-

IE  4. kāi-d-

to shimmer dully; shadow

918

(s)kamb-, and (s)kemb-

IE  kamb-

to bend, curve, hump

918

(s)kand-, (s)kend-

kand-

to glow; bright

918-19

(s)k(h)ed-, (s)k(h)e-n-d-

IE  skē̆i-

to crush, shatter, split to pieces

919

sk̑ed-

to cover

919-22

skē̆i-

IE  1. (s)kel-

to cut, skive, exscind, separate

922

skē̆i-bh-, nasalized ski-m-bh-

to limp; slanting

922-23

(s)kek-, skeg-

IE

to jump, spring, move quickly

923-27

1. (s)kel-

IE  (s)ken-(d-)

to cut, halve

927

2. (s)kel-

IE  9. kel-

to owe, be guilty

927

3. (s)kel-

IE  10. kel-

to dry out

928

4. (s)kel-, extended klā-, klō-

IE  11. kel-

to bend; crooked

928

5. (s)ku̯el-, (s)kel-

2. gal-

to call, resound

929

(s)k̑el-

to jump, spring

929

skhel-

to stumble

929

(s)k̑em-

IE  2. k̑em-

deformed, disabled, mutilated; hornless

929-30

(s)ken-(d-)

IE  6. skēu(-t)-

to skin, flay, split off

930

skendh-

IE

to dive, plunge

930

(s)keng-

IE

to hobble; lame, slanted

930

1. (s)kep-

to hide, cover

930-33

2. (s)kē̆p-, (s)kō̆p-, and (s)kā̆p-, (s)kē̆b(h)-, skob(h)-, and skā̆b(h)-

IE

to shave, cut, split with a sharp tool

933

1. (s)ker-

to shrink, dry out, wrinkle up; dry, thin

933-35

2. (s)ker-, skerə- : skrē-

IE  7. ker-

to jump

935-38

3. (s)ker-

IE

to bend, curve, turn

938-47

4. (s)ker-, (s)kerə-, (s)krē-

IE  (s)ker-dh-

to cut, shear, scribe

947

5. (s)ker-

1. ker-

(onomatopoeic: a hoarse sound)

947

(s)ku̯er-

1. ku̯er-

to do, make

947-48

sk̑er-(d-)

IE

to defecate; dung, excrement

948-49

(s)kerb(h)-, (s)kreb(h)-, nasalized (s)kremb-

IE

to curve, turn

949

(s)ker-dh-, (s)kor-dh-

(s)kert-s-

small, pitiful, miserable

949-50

(s)kert-s-

2. ker-

across, straight along

950

skēt- : skət-

IE

to jump, spring

950

skēth-, skəth-

IE

to scold, scathe, injure, damage

950-51

1. (s)keu-

to perform, carry out

951-53

2. (s)keu-, (s)keu̯ə : (s)kū-

IE

to hide, wrap, cover

953

3. skē̆u-, ksē̆u-

to sneeze

954

4. (s)keu-

1. keu-

to notice, observe, pay attention to

954

5. skē̆u-

sk̑ē̆u-

to push, shoot, throw

954

6. skēu(-t)-

IE  1. kal-

to cut, scratch, separate

954-55

sk̑ē̆u-

IE  skeub-

to push, shoot, throw

955

skeub-, skeubh-, skeug-

IE  2. (s)keud-

to shove, move, shoot, throw

955

1. skeud-

keuəd-

to grumble, protest; unwilling

955-56

2. (s)keud-

IE  5. skē̆u-

to shoot, throw

956

(s)keup-, skeub(h)-

IE

sheaf, bunch, flock, etc.

956-57

(s)keut-, (s)keudh-

to shrink, shrivel up

957

sk̑lēk-, sk̑lək-

sresk-

to spray, sprinkle; wet

957

skordho-

pan, vessel; potsherd

957

skot-

IE

shade, shadow, darkness

957-58

(s)kū̆t-

IE  ku̯ēt-

to shake

958

(s)ku̯alo-s

IE  ku̯alo-s

(type of large fish, e.g. whale)

958

sku̯erb(h)-

to pierce, stick (of thorns)

958

sk(h)u̯oi̯-, sk(h)u̯i(i̯)-

thorn, needle

958

(s)lā̆gu̯-

IE  lā̆gh-

to grab, latch, seize

959

slak-

IE

to hit, hammer

959

(s)leb-, (s)lob-, (s)lep-, (s)lop-

lē̆b-

lip; to hang down slackly

959-60

(s)lēg- : (s)ləg-, and (s)leg-

IE

weak, feeble, languid

960

slēgu̯-

to oppress, maltreat, mishandle

960

(s)leib-

sleub(h)-

to slip; slimy

960-61

(s)leidh-

IE  3. lei-

to slide; slippery

961

(s)leig-

to hack, hit

961-62

slenk-, sleng-

IE

to turn, wind; to creep

962

sler-

(s)lr̥g-

chasm

962-63

(s)leu-

IE

slack, feeble, loosely hanging

963-64

sleub(h)-

IE  (s)leug̑-

to slide, slip

964

(s)leug-, (s)leuk-

IE  lauk(o)-

to swallow

964

(s)leug̑-, (s)leuk̑-

(s)leib-

to slide, slip

964-65

(s)leup-, (s)leub(h)-

to hang slackly

965

(s)lī- : sləi-, or slōi-, slī-u̯o-

IE

livid, bluish

965

slougo-, slougā- (fem.)

IE

help, service

965-66

(s)lr̥g-, and sler-

sler-

(onomatopoeic: to swallow)

966

sme, smā̆

IE

really, truly (emphatic particle)

966-67

smē-, smeī-, sm-ei-

IE  3. smēi-

to rub, smear

967

smeg(h)-

IE

to smack, taste

967-68

1. (s)mei-, smeu-

IE  smeu-

to smile

968

2. smēi- : sməi- : smī̆-

IE

to carve, work with sharp tool

968

3. smēi-, smeid-, smēig-, smēik-

smē-

to rub, smear

968

smeit-, smit-

IE

to throw

968

smek-

beard, chin

969

1. smel-

to smolder, burn slowly

969

2. smel-

IE  6. mel-

gray

969-70

(s)mer-

IE

to mourn, remember, think of, care for

970

smerd-, smord-

IE  4. mer-

to stink

970-71

smeru-

IE

fat, grease, smear

971

smeu-

1. (s)mei-

to laugh, smile

971

(s)meukh-, (s)meug-, (s)meugh-

IE

to smoke; smoke

971

smog-

heavy, burdensome

971-72

snā-, snə-(t-), snāu-, sn-eu-, sn-et-

IE  sneu-

to flow, swim; damp

972-73

(s)nadh-

to cut, slice

973

(s)nē-, and (s)nēi-

IE  snēp-

to spin, twist threads together

973-74

(s)nēbh-ri-, (s)nōbh-ri-

thin, narrow

974

sneig-

IE

to crawl, snake

974

sneigu̯h-

IE

to snow; snow

974

sneit-

IE

to cut

974-75

snēp-, snōp-, snəp-

2. (s)ner-

to gather in sheaves/bundles; twist into rope

975

1. (s)ner-, (s)nur-

IE

to snarl, growl

975-77

2. (s)ner-

IE  snēu-

to turn, wind, etc.

977

(s)nerb-

IE

to cut?

977

sneu-

2. enebh-

to flow, swim; damp

977

snēu- : snū-, and snĕu-

IE  1. ned-

to turn, bind, attach; band, sinew

977-78

sneubh-

IE  snusós

to woo, marry

978

1. sneud(h)-

IE  2. sneudh-

to drowse, slumber; drowsy, sleepy

978

2. sneudh-

IE  1. sneud(h)-

fog, mist

978

snusós

sen-

daughter-in-law

978-79

so(s), sā

IE  1. to-

(nom. sg. demonstrative stem: he, she)

979

soi-to-

3. sē(i)-

magic

979-80

solo-, sol(e)u̯o-

IE  6. sel-

whole, well-kept, salubrious

980

sō[u]rā : sōrā

calf (of leg)

980

spako-

point; small drop

980

sp(h)ē-, sp(h)ə-(dh-)

IE  2. sp(h)ei

long flat piece of wood

981

speg̑-, or spō̆g̑-

IE  spek̑-

to watch sharply, be attentive

981-82

1. (s)p(h)ē̆i- : (s)p(h)ī̆-

IE  pi-n-

sharp/pointed stick: spile, spit, etc.

982

2. sp(h)ei : sp(h)ī̆, and sp(h)ē : sp(h)ə-

IE  3. sp(h)ē(i)-

to drag, pull

983-84

3. sp(h)ē(i)-, spī-, and sphē- : sphə-

IE  1. (s)pen(-d)-

to fatten, prosper, succeed, etc.

984

spek̑-

IE  speg̑-

to watch, inspect, spy on

985

(s)pel-

IE

to speak aloud, tell with emphasis

985-87

1. (s)p(h)el-

IE  (s)p(h)elg-

to cut, split, tear off; board

987

2. (s)p(h)el-

IE

to shine, glitter

987

(s)p(h)elg-

(s)plei-

to split, splinter

987

sp(h)elg̑h(en), spleng̑h-, splē̆g̑h-

IE

milt; spleen

988

1. (s)pen(-d)-

IE  (s)p(h)eu-d-

to pull, spin

989

2. *(s)pen-, (s)pon-, (s)pondho-

wooden pail

989

spend-

IE

to offer a libation

989

sp(h)e(n)d-

to shake, quiver

989-90

sp(h)eng-

to shine, glitter

990

speno-, stē̆no-, p(ə)stē̆no-

teat, breast, nipple

990-91

1. (s)per-

IE

pole, spar, rafter

991

2. sper(-g)-

IE

(type of bird, esp. sparrow)

991-92

3. sper-

IE

to turn, wind

992

4. (s)p(h)er-, (s)p(h)erəg-

to rip, tear; rag, snippet

992-93

1. sp(h)er-, sp(h)erə-

IE  sp(h)erd(h)-

to rush, push away, act rashly, etc.

993-95

2. (s)p(h)er-, sprei-, spreu-

IE  sprei-

to sow, strew, spread, scatter, sprinkle

995

3. sp(h)er-

balls of goat/sheep excrement

995-96

sp(h)erd(h)-, (s)p(h)red(h)-, nasalized sp(h)rend(h)-

IE  *(s)p(h)ereg-

to rush, sprint, spring; running

996-98

*(s)p(h)ereg-, (s)p(h)erəg-, (s)p(h)rēg-, nasalized spreng-

IE  sperg̑h-

to rush, hurry; strew, sprinkle, disperse

998

sperg̑h-, spreg̑h-, nasalized spreng̑h-

IE  pher-

to rush, hurry, spring, jump

998-99

(s)p(h)eu-d-

pā̆n-

to press, hurry

999

(s)pī̆ko-

IE

woodpecker (or other large bird)

999

(s)pingo-

IE

finch, sparrow

999-1000

(s)p(h)i̯ēu- : (s)pi̯ū-, (s)pīu̯-

IE

to spit, spew, sputter

1000

(s)plei-

IE  plē-

to cut, split

1000

(s)pleig̑h-

to splay (legs)

1001

(s)poimno-

IE

foam, spume, spray

1001

sprei-, spreu-

sp(h)reig-

to sow, strew, scatter

1001

sp(h)reig-

1. per-

to teem, abound, overflow

1001

sraku̯-to-

sharp-edged

1001

srebh-, sr̥bh-, and serbh-

IE  su̯erbh-

to sip, slurp, swallow

1001-2

sr-edh-, sr-et-

IE  sreu-

to boil, spout, whirl

1002

(s)reigh-

to creep, climb, clamber

1002

srenk-

IE

to snore

1002

srēno-

body part (e.g. hip, loins)

1002

sresk-

klep-

to drip, drizzle

1003

sreu-

IE  1. ser-

to stream, flow

1004

sreup-

dirty, scabby

1004

srīg-, srīgos-

IE

cold, frost

1004

srō̆mo-

lame

1004-10

stā- : stə-

IE  stāk-

to stand

1010

stag-

IE

to drip, drizzle, trickle

1010

(s)tāi-

stāi-

to steal, do secretly

1010-11

stāi-, stī̆-, sti̯-ā-

IE  stē̆ib(h)-

to condense, press together; stiff; stone

1011

stāk-, stek-

IE  steb(h)-

to place, stand

1011-13

steb(h)-, and stēb(h)- : stəbh-, nasalized stemb(h)-, step-, also stēp-?, nasalized stemp-, nominal stəbho-s, stemb(h)ro-s, stomb(h)o-s

IE  stā-

stump, post, pillar; to support, etc.

1013-14

1. (s)teg-

IE  tāg-

to deck, thatch, cover; house, roof

1014

2. (s)teg-

IE  stegh-

stake, pole, beam

1014-15

stegh-, nasalized stengh-

IE  2. (s)teg-

stick, stalk, etc.

1015

(s)tei-

tei-

sharp, pointed; spike

1015-16

stē̆ib(h)-, stī̆b(h)-, stē̆ip-, stī̆p-

IE  steu̯ə-

stick, pole, stake; stiff

1016-17

(s)teig-

IE  teig-

to stick, prick; sharp

1017-18

steigh-

IE

to climb, ascend; stride, march

1018

(s)teigu̯-

IE  teigu̯-

arm, shoulder; thigh, hip

1018

(s)teigu̯h-

to endure, wait patiently

1018

1. (s)tel-

4. tel-

to urinate, let flow

1018-19

2. stel-, stelə-

IE  3. stel-

to dilate, broaden, stretch out; broad

1019-20

3. stel-

IE  2. stel-

to put, place

1021

stem-

to push, thrust; stumble, stutter

1021

1. (s)ten-

IE  2. ten-

to drone, groan, thunder, etc.

1021-22

2. sten-

IE

to narrow, hem in

1022-27

1. (s)ter-, (s)terə- : (s)trē-

IE  6. ster-

stark, stiff, solid, rigid, etc.

1027-28

2. stē̆r-

IE

star

1028

3. ster-

IE

to steal, rob

1028-29

4. ster-, also sterə- : strē-, strei-, streu-

IE

line, streak, strip, stripe

1029-31

5. ster-, sterə- : strē-, steru- : streu-

IE

to strew, scatter, spread out

1031

6. ster-

IE  7. (s)ter-n-

sterile, barren, unfruitful

1031

7. (s)ter-n-

IE  2. streig-

thorn, prickly stalk

1031-32

8. (s)ter-

IE

dung, mud, dirty water; to smear

1032

sterg-, sterk-

IE

to care for, pay careful attention to

1032-34

1. (s)teu-

IE  1. teu-

to hit, push, thrust

1035

2. steu-

IE

to praise (aloud)

1035

steu̯ə-

(s)tāi-

to coagulate, become dense/thick

1035

stilp-, stilb-

IE

to shine; to look, show

1035

stomen-

IE

mouth, stoma

1036

storos, stornos, str̥nos?

IE

starling, songbird

1036

1. streig-

IE

to halt, pause, falter, be(come) stuck

1036

2. streig-

IE  strenk-

taut, stiff, strict; to twist; rope

1036

3. (s)treig-, streid(h)-

IE  treig-

to hiss

1036-37

strenk-, streng-

IE  7. ter-

tight, cramped; cord, string

1037

(s)trep-, (s)treb-

IE  3. trep-

to cry, make wild noises

1037

stru-

gray-haired, old (man)

1037-38

su-, sū-

su̯e-lo-

good, well

1038-39

sū̆-s, suu̯-ós

IE  2. sūs-

pig, sow, swine

1039

sū-ro-, sou-ro-

IE  1. seu-

sour, bitter, salty; cheese

1039

1. sūs-

to whistle (of wind)

1039

2. sūs-

2. seu-

parent, creator, producer

1039-40

su̯ād-

IE

sweet; to enjoy something

1040

su̯ard-

to laugh

1040-41

su̯ei-, su̯i-

IE

to pipe, whistle, sibilate

1041-42

su̯ē̆(i)-

IE  su̯eng-

to bend, swing, turn

1042

1. su̯eid-

IE  su̯ēid-

to shine, glisten

1043

2. su̯eid-

IE

to sweat; sweat

1043

su̯ēid-

1. su̯eid-

milk

1043

su̯ek-

to smell (good)

1043-44

su̯ekrū́-

husband's mother

1044

su̯ek̑s, sek̑s, ksek̑s, ksu̯ek̑s, u̯ek̑s : uk̑s

IE

six

1044

s(u̯)eku̯o-s

IE

pitch, sap, resin

1045

1. su̯el(-k)-

IE

to eat, drink, swill, swallow

1045

2. su̯el-

IE  su̯elplo-s

to burn, smolder

1046

3. su̯el-, su̯ol-, sul-

IE

sole of foot; ground

1046

4. su̯el-

2. sel-

beam, board

1046

su̯e-lo-, su̯elii̯o(n)-

se-

brother-in-law

1046

su̯elplo-s

sā́u̯el-

sulphur

1046

su̯em-

IE

to swim, move

1046-47

su̯en-

IE

to sound, resound

1047

(s)u̯endh-

su̯ī-

to dwindle, disappear

1047-48

su̯eng-, su̯enk- : su̯eg-, su̯ek-

IE  u̯eib-

to bend, swing, swag

1048

su̯enk-, sunk-

IE

heavy; pregnant

1048

su̯ento-, sunto-

IE

sound, active, healthy, vigorous

1048-49

1. su̯ep-, sup-

IE

to sleep

1049

2. su̯ep-, sup-, su̯eb-

IE

to throw

1049

1. su̯er-, also ser-?

IE  2. su̯er-

to speak, swear, answer

1049-50

2. su̯er-

IE  1. su̯er-

to buzz, hiss

1050

3. su̯er-

stake

1050

4. su̯er-

IE

to cut, prick, pierce

1050

5. su̯er-

1. u̯er-

heavy

1050-51

su̯erbh-, also su̯er-?

IE  srebh-

to turn, sweep, swerve

1051

su̯ergh-

IE

to be ill; to sorrow, care for

1051

su̯esor-

IE

sister

1052

su̯ī-

IE  2. u̯endh-

to fade, dwindle, become silent

1052

su̯omb(h)o-s

IE

porous, spongy

1052

su̯ordo-s

IE

black; dark/dirty color

1053-54

tā-, tə-, tāi-, təi-, tī̆-; [tāu-], təu-, tū̆-

IE

to thaw, melt, decay, dissipate

1054

tād-

to act purposefully

1054-55

tag-, or teg- : tog- : teg-

IE  2. tong-

to grip, seize, touch

1055

tāg-

IE  teg-

to tidy up

1055

tak-, takē(i)-

IE

to be tacit, silent

1055

tāl-

to grow, turn green; young animal

1056

1. tap-

to dip

1056

2. tap-

IE

to press down/together

1056

tata-, and similarly tē̆ta-

IE

daddy (nursery word)

1056-57

taus-

calm, still, silent, peaceful

1057

teg-

1. (s)teg-

to cover

1057

tēg-, təg-

to burn

1057

tegu-

IE

thick, fat

1057

tei-

(s)tei-

sharp, pointed; spike

1057

teig-

(s)teig-

to prick, stick; sharp

1057

teigu̯-

(s)teigu̯-

arm, shoulder; thigh, hip

1057

1. tek-

IE

to bear, produce

1057-58

2. tek-

IE

to take, reach, stretch out (hand) for

1058

3. tek-

IE

to plait, weave

1058-59

tek̑þ-

IE

to plait

1059-60

teku̯-

IE

to flow, run

1060-61

1. tel-, telə-, tlē(i)-, tlā-

IE

to bear, carry; weigh, lift up

1061

2. tel-, telə-, telu-

IE

flat (ground, board)

1061-62

3. tel-

to be calm/still

1062

4. tel-

1. (s)tel-

to urinate, let flow

1062

teleg̑h-

telek-

to hit

1062

telek-

IE  teleg̑h-

to hit, push

1062

telp-

to have room; spacious

1062-63

1. tem-, tend-

IE  tend-

to cut

1063

2. tem-

stunned, confused

1063-64

tem(ə)-

IE

dark

1064-65

temp-

IE  1. ten-

to span, stretch, extend

1065-66

1. ten-, tend-

IE  tengh-

to span, stretch, extend

1067

2. ten-

1. (s)ten-

to drone, groan, thunder, etc.

1067

tend-

1. tem-

to cut

1067

tenəgos, tenəgos

ground (under water)

1067

1. teng-

IE

to dunk, soak, wet

1067

2. teng-

1. tong-

to feel, think

1067

tengh-

1. tenk-

to span, extend; pull, stretch

1067

1. tenk-

IE  2. tenk-

to span, extend; pull, stretch

1068

2. tenk-

IE  tens-

to clot, thicken, contract; tight, solid

1068-69

tens-

IE  temp-

to span, stretch, extend

1069

tenu-s, tenu-s

IE

thin

1069-70

tep-

IE

to be warm, tepid

1070

1. ter-

trem-

to quiver, tremble

1070-71

2. ter-, teru-

IE

weak, feeble, tender, fragile

1071-74

3. ter-, terə-, and teri-, trēi-, trī-, also teru- : treu-

IE  6. ter-

to drill, bore, rub

1074-75

4. ter-, terə- : tr̥̄-, trā-, teru-

IE  5. ter-

to cross, get over, etc.

1075-76

5. ter-

IE  tet(e)r-

through, over, etc.

1076

6. ter-

3. ter-

(boring/gnawing insect)

1076

7. ter-, terə-, terbh-, terd-, terg-, terp-

treg-

stiff, rigid, solid, etc.

1076

terd-, tred-

to bore, drill through

1076-77

tergu̯-

to warn, threaten; fright, horror

1077

terk-, trek-, tork-, trok-

IE  trāgh-

to torque, turn

1077-78

terp-, trep-

IE

to enjoy, satisfy oneself

1078-79

ters-

IE

to toast, dry; thirst

1079

tet(e)r-

tor-

(onomatopoeic: to quack)

1079

1. teu-, teud-, teug-, teuk-, teup-

tu̯en-

to hit, push, thrust

1079-80

2. teu-

IE

to notice, observe, listen to

1080-85

tēu-, təu-, teu̯ə-, tu̯ō-, tū̆-

IE  teuk-

to swell, intumesce

1085

teuk-

tēu-

germ, seed, sprout, offspring

1085

teup-

to crouch down, conceal oneself

1085

teus-

to empty

1085

teu̯ə-, tu̯ā-

to sift

1086

ti-ti-, (ti)til-

(onomatopoeic: chirping of small bird)

1086

ti̯egu̯-

to retreat, step back in fear; shy

1086-87

1. to-, tā-, ti̯o-

IE  so(s)

that, him (neut. or non-nom. demonstrative stem)

1088

2. to-

ati

(prefix)

1088

tolku̯-

IE

to speak

1088

1. tong-, *teng-

IE  2. teng-

to think, feel

1088

2. tong-

tag-

to touch, grip, seize

1088

top-

IE

to reach, stay; place

1088-89

tor-, toro-s

IE  trozdos-

loud, distinct, audible

1089

trāgh-, trō̆gh-, and trē̆gh-

IE  trek-

to train, drag, pull, move

1090

trē̆b-, trōb-, treb-, or trəb-, tr̥b-

IE

building, dwelling

1090

treg-

1. (s)ter-

to make an effort, use all one's strength; battle, force; solid

1090-92

trei-

IE

three

1092

treig-

3. (s)treig-

to hiss

1092

treisti-, or trīsti-

moody, stubborn, sulky

1092

trek-

IE  dherāgh-

to pull, run

1092-93

trem-, trems-

IE  1. trep-

to shake, tremble; to stomp, trample

1093

1. trenk-

IE  2. trenk-

to throng, push, press together

1094

2. trenk-

1. trenk-

to wash, bathe, cleanse

1094

1. trep-

IE  tres-

to trip, tread, trample

1094

2. trep-

IE

to bow the head, turn away in shame

1095

3. trep-, treb-

(s)trep-

to cry, make wild noises

1095

tres-, ters-, *teres-

IE  1. ter-

to quiver, tremble

1095

trē̆u-

to prosper

1095-96

tr-eu-d-

IE  trū̆des-

to thrust, press, push, squash

1096

trii̯əto-, trīto-

sea; wet, watery

1096

tris-

vine; stem, stalk

1096

trozdos- : tr̥zdos-

IE  4. ter-

thrush, blackbird

1096-97

trū̆des-

tr-eu-d-

scratchy; leprosy?

1097

truk̑-

tu̯erk̑-

to cut

1097

trus-

reed

1097

tu, tutu

IE

(onomatopoeic: chirping of bird)

1097-98

tū̆

IE

thou, you

1098

tū-lo-

slow, lazy, sluggish; boring

1098

1. tu̯ā̆k-, tuk-

to bind, close up, pull together

1098

2. tu̯ak-

IE

to bathe

1099

tu̯akos

skin

1099

1. tu̯ē̆i-

to hack, hew, cut down, hit sharply

1099

2. tu̯ei-, extended tu̯ei-s-

IE

to shake, excite, move back and forth, shimmer

1099

tu̯en-

1. (s)teu-

to hit, push, thrust

1099-1100

tu̯eng̑h-

IE

to oppress, close in

1100-1

1. tu̯er- : tur-, and tu̯r̥-

IE

to twirl, turn

1101

2. tu̯er- : tur-, tu̯erə-

IE

to grab, hold

1102

tu̯erk̑-

IE  truk̑-

to cut

1102

tu̯ī̆bh-

hollow

1102

tu̯ō[u]- : tu̯əu- : tū-l-

pipe, tube

1103

1. u-

(onomatopoeic: owl's hoot, etc.)

1103

2. u-

5. u̯e-

ooh! (interjection of pain)

1103

ub-

to drag, press down

1103-4

ū̆d-

IE  ghe-

out, away, up(wards)

1104-5

udero-, u̯ēdero-

IE

belly, uterus

1105

ul-

IE  albhi-

(onomatopoeic: to howl, ululate)

1105-6

upér, upéri

IE  upo

over, above

1106-7

upo, up, eup, (e)up-s-

IE  upér

under, (from) below, etc.

1108

1. u̯ā-, u̯ō-, u̯ə-

2. u̯en-

to hit, wound

1108

u̯en-

IE

to hit, wound

1108-9

2. u̯ā-

IE

(to pull) apart

1109

u̯āb-

IE  1. u̯ap-

to call, cry, weep, lament

1109

u̯adh-

IE

pledge

1109

u̯ādh-, u̯ədh-

IE

to go, wade, stride, march

1110

1. u̯ā̆g-

IE

sheath, cover, hollow lid

1110

2. u̯ā̆g-

u̯ā̆gh-

to cry, shriek

1110

u̯ā̆gh-, suā̆gh-

IE  2. u̯ā̆g-

to cry, shriek, sough

1110-11

u̯ai

IE

woe; wolf

1111

u̯ā̆i-, u̯ī-

IE

weak, miserable

1111

u̯ā̆kā

IE

cow

1111-12

u̯al-, u̯al-d(h)-

IE

to prevail, be strong

1112

u̯ank̑-

beam

1112

1. u̯ap-

2. u̯ap-

to chatter

1112-13

2. u̯ap-, ū̆p-

IE  u̯āb-

to call, cry

1113

u̯āsto-s

1. eu-

to lack; empty

1113

1. u̯āt-, better u̯ōt-

IE

mentally animated

1113

2. u̯ā̆t-

IE  u̯əg-

to bend, curve

1113-14

u̯azdh-, better u̯ozdh-

long, wide

1114

1. u̯ē̆-, u̯ei-

IE  3. ne-

we two (dual), we (plural)

1114

2. u̯e-, u̯edh-

1. u̯ebh-

to weave

1114

3. u̯ē-, u̯ə-

IE  u̯ēp-

to blow

1114

4. u̯e-, u̯o-, u̯es-

3. au-

from, away, downward

1114

5. u̯e-, u̯o-

4. au-

other; that (one)

1114

1. u̯ebh-

IE  5. au̯-

to plait, weave, waver, move back and forth

1114-15

2. u̯ebh-

u̯obhsā

to roam, swarm, wander

1115

u̯ed-

2. u̯edh-

to lead

1115

1. u̯edh-

IE

to hit, push

1115-16

2. u̯edh-, before nasals u̯ed-

IE  u̯ed-

to lead

1116-17

3. u̯edh-

1. u̯endh-

to bind, tie, attach

1117

u̯eg-

IE  u̯okso-

to bind, weave

1117-18

u̯eg̑-

IE  au̯eg-

fresh, strong

1118

u̯egu̯- : ū̆gu̯-, uku̯s-

IE

to dampen, irrigate; water; ox?

1118-20

u̯eg̑h-

IE

to move, drive, convey, carry

1120

u̯əg- : u̯āg-

1. u̯ei-

bent, curved

1120-22

1. u̯ei-, u̯ei̯ə- : u̯ī̆-

IE  1. u̯eid-

to bend, turn, wind

1123

2. u̯ei-, u̯ei̯ə- : u̯ī̆-

IE  3. u̯eis-

to wizen, wither

1123-24

3. u̯ei-, u̯eiə- : u̯ī-

IE  u̯ī̆ro-s

to wish, pursue, go for, reach towards; strong, violent

1124

u̯eib-

u̯eip-

to sway, turn

1124

1. u̯eid-

4. u̯eik-

to bend, turn

1125-27

2. u̯(e)id-

IE

to vide, see, wit, know

1127-28

u̯eidh-, u̯idh-

IE  1. u̯ī̆-

to divide, separate; widow

1128

1. u̯eik-

IE

to choose, filter, sort out

1128-29

2. u̯eik-

IE

force, energy (in battle, victory, etc.)

1129

3. u̯eik-

IE

to happen, become equal, come together

1130-31

4. u̯eik-, u̯eig-, extended form of u̯ei-

IE  2. u̯eis-

to bend, curve; exchange, pass around

1131

u̯eik̑-, u̯ik̑-, u̯oik̑o-

IE

house, village, settlement

1131-32

u̯eip-, u̯eib-

IE  3. seu-

to turn, sway, vibrate

1133

1. u̯eis-

to grow, sprout

1133-34

2. u̯eis-

u̯ek-

to bend, turn

1134

3. u̯eis-

IE  2. u̯ei-

to flow (away); ooze, virus, poison

1134-35

u̯ek-, u̯e-n-k-

u̯ək-

to bend

1135

u̯ək- : *u̯āk-

IE  u̯e-n-g-

bent

1135

u̯ek̑-

IE

to want, wish

1135-36

u̯eku̯-

IE

to voice, speak, evoke

1136

u̯ek-ti-

IE

whit, thing

1136-37

1. u̯el-

IE

to see

1137-38

2. u̯el-, u̯lei-, u̯lē(i)-

IE  5. u̯el-

to will, want, wish, choose

1138

3. u̯el-

IE  7. u̯el-

to crowd, press, push

1139-40

4. u̯el-, u̯elə-

IE

wool, hair; wold, grass, forest

1140

5. u̯el-, u̯elə-

2. u̯el-

to deceive

1140

6. u̯el-

warm

1140-44

7. u̯el-, u̯elə-, u̯lē-

IE  3. u̯el-

to turn, wind; round, voluble

1144-45

8. u̯el-

IE  1. u̯elk-

to steal; to wound, tear, avulse

1145

1. u̯elk-

selk-

to drag, pull

1145-46

2. u̯elk-, u̯elg-

IE

damp, wet

1146

u̯em-, u̯emə-

IE

to spit, spew, wamble, vomit

1146-47

1. u̯en-, u̯enə-

IE

to love, venerate, strive/wish for

1147

2. u̯en-

1. u̯ā-

to hit, wound

1148

1. u̯endh-

IE  3. u̯edh-

to turn, wind

1148

2. u̯endh-

(s)u̯endh-

to wane, disappear

1148

3. u̯endh-

hair, beard

1148-49

u̯e-n-g-

IE  u̯e-n-gh-

bent

1149

u̯e-n-gh-

IE  u̯e-n-k-

bent

1149

u̯e-n-k-

2. u̯ā̆t-

bent

1149

1. *u̯ep- : u̯ō̆p- : up-

2. ā̆p-

water

1149

2. u̯ep-

to strew, throw out

1149-50

u̯ēp- : u̯əp-

10. au̯(e)-

to blow; to soar

1150-51

1. u̯er-, also su̯er-

IE  3. u̯er-

to bind, attach; strive

1151-52

2. u̯er-

IE

highland, raised place; high, top

1152

3. u̯er-

IE  5. u̯er-

to bend, turn, wrap

1152

3a. u̯er-, u̯r̥mi-s, u̯r̥mo-s

IE

worm

1153

3b. u̯er-, u̯er-b-, and u̯er-bh-

IE

to bend, turn, warp

1153-54

3c. u̯er-, u̯(e)r-ed-

IE

to sway, bend down

1154

3d. u̯er-, u̯er-g-

IE  3e. u̯er-

to turn, wrench

1154-55

3e. u̯er-, u̯er-g̑h-

IE  3f. u̯er-

to turn, press, wring, strangle

1155

3f. u̯er-, u̯er-k-

IE  u̯er-g-

to bend, turn, wind

1156

3g. u̯er-, u̯er-p-, u̯r-ep-

IE

to turn, wind

1156-58

3h. u̯er-, u̯er-t-

IE

to turn, wind, invert

1158-60

3i. u̯er-, u̯r-ei-

IE

to clench the teeth; wroth, confused

1160

4. u̯er-

IE

to find, take

1160-62

5. u̯er-

IE  1. u̯erg̑-

to shut, close, cover; guard, warn, save

1162-63

6. u̯er-

IE  u̯rek-

to speak, talk formally

1163-64

7. u̯er-

IE

to open, tear up (e.g. root)

1164

8. u̯er-

IE

to notice, observe, attend, be aware

1165

9. u̯er- : u̯eru-s

IE

wide, broad

1165

10. u̯er-

9. au̯(e)-

to flow; wet; river, water, etc.

1165-66

11. u̯er-, u̯erə-

IE

to show friendship; true, veracious, trustworthy

1166

12. u̯er-

IE

to burn

1166

13. u̯er-

IE

squirrel, weasel, etc.

1167

u̯(e)rād-, u̯erəd-, u̯rəd-

IE

root, branch, twig

1167

u̯erdh-, u̯redh-

IE

to grow; high

1168

1. u̯erg̑-, u̯reg̑-

IE  u̯ōro-

to (en)close, shut off; pen

1168-69

2. u̯erg̑-, u̯reg̑-

IE

to do, work, be effective

1169

3. u̯erg̑-, u̯org̑-

IE

to abound, be very strong; to swarm, swell

1169

u̯er-g-, u̯er-g̑h-, u̯er-k-

3d. u̯er-

to bend, turn

1169

u̯er-(e)nā

alder, poplar

1169-70

u̯ers-

IE

to drag along the ground

1170

u̯eren-

IE

lamb, ram, sheep

1170-71

1. u̯es-

IE  2. au-

to live, stay overnight

1171

2. u̯es-

IE  u̯ē̆su-

to feast

1171-72

3. u̯es-

IE

to ooze, dampen; wet

1172

4. u̯es-

to stick, stab, pierce

1172-73

5. u̯es-

IE

to dress, clothe, wear

1173

6. u̯ē̆s-

1. i̯u-

you (plural)

1173

7. u̯es-

to turn, wind, wrap

1173

8. u̯es-

IE

to buy, sell, exchange

1173

u̯es-no-

price

1173

9. u̯es-

u̯es-r̥

to shine

1173-74

u̯esperos, u̯ekeros

IE

vesper, evening

1174

u̯es-r̥

IE  au̯es-

spring

1174-75

u̯ē̆su-

IE  2. u̯es-

good

1175

u̯et-

IE

year

1175-76

1. u̯ī̆-

IE  2. dhē-

apart, separate from, in two; both

1176

2. u̯ī̆-, u̯oi-

(onomatopoeic root)

1177

u̯idhu-

IE

tree, wood

1177

u̯ī-k̑m̥t-ī

IE  dek̑m̥

twenty

1177

u̯ī̆ks-

mistletoe, tree with sticky(?) sap

1177

u̯ing̑-, and u̯eig̑-, u̯ig̑-?

ang̑h-

elm (tree)

1177-78

u̯ī̆ro-s

IE  3. u̯ei-

man, warrior

1178

u̯i̯eth-, u̯ith-

to shake

1178

u̯lek-, u̯l̥k-

to light, shine; fiery

1178-79

u̯l̥ku̯os

IE

wolf, lobo

1179

u̯l̥p-, lup-

IE

(carnivorous animal, esp. fox, wolf, etc.)

1179

u̯obhsā

IE  2. u̯ebh-

wasp

1179-80

u̯ogu̯hni-s, u̯ogu̯hnes-

IE

plowshare

1180

u̯okso-

IE  u̯eg-

wax

1180

u̯ōro-

IE  5. su̯er-

madness; dizziness

1180

u̯ortoko-

IE

quail

1180

1. u̯rā̆g̑h- : u̯rəg̑h-

spike, thorn

1181

2. u̯rāg̑h- : u̯rəg̑h-

to hit, push

1181

u̯reg-, and u̯erg-?

IE

to drag, push, drive, thrust

1181-82

u̯rēg̑-, u̯rōg̑-, u̯rəg̑-

IE

to break

1182

u̯rek-

6. u̯er-

to speak, talk formally

1182

u̯reik-, u̯ereik-

heather

1182

u̯ren-

to splash, sprinkle

1183

u̯reth- : u̯roth-, or u̯rath-

to support

1183

u̯rughi̯o-

IE  rughi̯o-

rye

Last Updated: Tuesday, 15 June 2010, 17:59

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